ATI LPN
ATI Adult Medical Surgical Questions
Question 1 of 5
When should surgical correction of hypospadias typically occur for a newborn infant as advised by the nurse?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because surgical correction of hypospadias is typically recommended before the child is potty-trained. This is important for optimal cosmetic and functional outcomes, as the procedure is more straightforward in infants due to their smaller anatomy. Delaying the surgery can lead to increased risk of complications and potential psychological impact on the child as they grow older. A: Repair within one month to prevent bladder infections is not the primary reason for early correction of hypospadias. C: Delaying the repair to school age for reducing castration fears is not a valid reason for postponing the surgery. D: Waiting until after sexual maturity to form a proper urethra repair is not recommended as early correction typically yields better results.
Question 2 of 5
A client with heart failure is prescribed digoxin (Lanoxin). Which instruction should the nurse include in the client's teaching plan?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Correct Answer: A Rationale: 1. Digoxin is a medication that can cause bradycardia as a side effect. 2. Instructing the client to take their pulse before each dose is crucial to monitor for bradycardia. 3. Holding the medication if the pulse is below 60 beats per minute helps prevent potential adverse effects. 4. This instruction ensures the client's safety and adherence to the prescribed regimen. Summary: - Choice B is incorrect because increasing potassium intake can lead to hyperkalemia when taking digoxin. - Choice C is incorrect as taking digoxin with a high-fiber meal may affect absorption negatively. - Choice D is incorrect because skipping a dose based on dizziness or lightheadedness may lead to suboptimal treatment outcomes.
Question 3 of 5
A client is admitted with a diagnosis of acute pancreatitis. Which laboratory value should the nurse monitor closely?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Serum amylase. In acute pancreatitis, there is inflammation of the pancreas leading to elevated serum amylase levels. Amylase is an enzyme produced by the pancreas, and increased levels indicate pancreatic injury. Monitoring serum amylase helps in diagnosing and assessing the severity of pancreatitis. Choice B: Serum sodium, and Choice D: Serum potassium may be affected in pancreatitis due to fluid shifts, but they are not specific markers for pancreatitis. Choice C: Serum calcium may also be affected in pancreatitis, but monitoring serum calcium is not as crucial as monitoring serum amylase for diagnosing and managing acute pancreatitis.
Question 4 of 5
A client with heart failure is prescribed furosemide (Lasix). Which instruction should the nurse include in the client's teaching plan?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Report any weight gain of more than 2 pounds in a day. This instruction is crucial for a client with heart failure taking furosemide as sudden weight gain can indicate fluid retention, which can worsen heart failure. Monitoring weight daily can help detect early signs of fluid overload. A: Taking the medication before bedtime is not a critical instruction for furosemide as it is usually taken in the morning to prevent nocturia. C: Increasing intake of high-sodium foods contradicts the purpose of furosemide, which is a diuretic used to reduce fluid retention by promoting diuresis. D: Limiting fluid intake to less than 1 liter per day can lead to dehydration and electrolyte imbalances, which can be harmful for a client with heart failure.
Question 5 of 5
A client with a history of peptic ulcer disease is admitted with severe abdominal pain. Which assessment finding should the nurse report to the healthcare provider immediately?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Rigid, board-like abdomen. This finding suggests peritonitis, a serious complication of peptic ulcer disease, requiring immediate medical intervention. A: Active bowel sounds are expected. B: Blood pressure is within normal range. D: Heart rate is slightly elevated but not a critical finding. In summary, a rigid abdomen indicates peritonitis and requires urgent attention compared to the other choices.