When reinforcing discharge teaching to the parents of a newborn regarding circumcision care, which statement made by a parent indicates an understanding of the teaching?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C. Cleaning the penis with each diaper change is crucial for proper circumcision care to prevent infection. This statement shows understanding of the teaching as it emphasizes the importance of keeping the area clean. A: The circumcision healing within a couple of days is incorrect as it usually takes about 1-2 weeks. B: Not removing the yellow mucus can lead to infection, so this is an incorrect statement. D: Giving a tub bath within a couple of days can increase the risk of infection, so this statement is incorrect.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Oxygen saturation. Monitoring oxygen saturation is crucial in evaluating the newborn's respiratory status post-surfactant administration. It helps assess the effectiveness of surfactant therapy in improving oxygenation. Body temperature and serum bilirubin are not directly related to assessing respiratory distress syndrome. Heart rate may be affected by various factors and may not provide specific information on respiratory status.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D - Measure leg circumferences. This is important in assessing for changes in swelling, which can indicate worsening thrombophlebitis. Monitoring leg circumferences helps in early detection of complications like deep vein thrombosis. Applying cold compresses (A) can worsen vasoconstriction, massage (B) can dislodge clots, and allowing ambulation (C) can increase the risk of clot migration.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Epstein's pearls. These small pearly white nodules are commonly found on the roof of newborns' mouths and are considered a normal finding. They are formed from trapped epithelial cells during the development of the baby's mouth. They are harmless and typically resolve on their own without treatment. A: Mongolian spots are bluish-black or bruise-like markings found on the skin, not in the mouth. B: Milia spots are small, white, raised bumps on the skin, not found in the mouth. C: Erythema toxicum is a common benign rash in newborns, not related to the mouth. In summary, Epstein's pearls are the correct answer due to their specific location in the newborn's mouth, their appearance, and the fact that they are a normal finding in newborns. The other choices are incorrect as they describe different conditions not related to the oral cavity.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Moderate lochia rubra. This indicates normal postpartum bleeding 2 days after delivery. Bright red lochia with small clots is expected at this stage. Excessive lochia serosa (B) and scant lochia serosa (D) are not appropriate as serosa typically appears after the first few days postpartum. Light lochia rubra (C) does not accurately describe the amount of bleeding observed in this scenario.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: This is more commonly seen in newborns who have dark skin. The bluish-brown marking described is likely a Mongolian spot, a common birthmark in darker-skinned infants. It is not related to hyperbilirubinemia (jaundice), forceps marks, or birth trauma. Mongolian spots are benign and typically fade over time. This statement is correct as it addresses the specific characteristic of the marking and its association with dark skin pigmentation in newborns.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Peanut butter. Phenylketonuria (PKU) is a metabolic disorder where the body can't process phenylalanine found in protein foods. Peanut butter is high in protein and contains phenylalanine, so it should be eliminated from the client's diet. Potatoes, apple juice, and broccoli are low in protein and do not contain high levels of phenylalanine, so they do not need to be eliminated. It is crucial for the client to avoid foods high in phenylalanine to prevent the buildup of toxic levels in the body, which can lead to serious health issues.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because it demonstrates the client's understanding that a second vaccination is needed, which is crucial for developing adequate immunity against varicella. This statement shows comprehension of the vaccination schedule and the importance of completing the series for full protection. Option A is incorrect as it suggests the need for a second vaccination but lacks conviction. Option C is incorrect because it only states the purpose of the vaccine without addressing the need for a second dose. Option D is incorrect as it mentions testing for immunity status, which is not typically necessary after receiving the varicella vaccine.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Covering the newborn's head with a cap. This is the highest priority as newborns are at risk for heat loss due to their large head surface area. By covering the newborn's head with a cap, heat loss can be minimized, helping to maintain the baby's body temperature. This is crucial for the newborn's overall well-being and to prevent complications such as hypothermia. Initiating breastfeeding (A) is important for newborn nutrition but can be delayed slightly without immediate harm. Performing the initial bath (B) can also wait as it is not as urgent as maintaining the newborn's temperature. Giving a vitamin K injection (C) is important for blood clotting but can be done after ensuring the baby's temperature is stable.