ATI LPN
LPN Fundamentals Practice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
When reading an autopsy report, the nurse encounters the term 'midsagittal plane.' This nurse understands that this means the body was viewed using a plane that matched which of the following descriptions?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Midsagittal plane splits the body into equal left-right halves, unlike horizontal, front-back, or X divisions. Nurses use this in anatomical understanding.
Question 2 of 5
What is the primary purpose of repositioning a patient who is immobile?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Repositioning an immobile patient primarily aims to prevent pressure ulcers by relieving pressure on skin over bony areas, like the sacrum or heels, and enhancing blood flow. Prolonged immobility risks tissue breakdown due to constant compression, making regular movement a cornerstone of preventive care in nursing. While shifting positions can secondarily support joint mobility, this isn't the main goal specific exercises target that more effectively. Building muscle strength requires active effort beyond repositioning, and though respiratory benefits may occur, they're addressed through targeted interventions like breathing exercises. This focus on skin integrity reflects nursing's priority to mitigate a common, severe complication of immobility, ensuring patient safety and comfort through proactive care.
Question 3 of 5
Which intervention should the nurse implement to prevent contractures in a patient who is immobile?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Frequent position changes prevent contractures in immobile patients by keeping joints mobile and reducing muscle shortening risks. Heat or relaxants offer relief but don't address root immobility, and restraints worsen stiffness. Nurses use this to maintain range of motion, ensuring flexibility and function, a proactive measure against permanent musculoskeletal damage in prolonged stillness.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client receiving high-flow oxygen therapy via a noninvasive positive pressure ventilation (NPPV) device. What is an important nursing intervention for this client?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Providing frequent oral care (C) is key with NPPV (e.g., CPAP/BiPAP), as high-flow air dries the mouth, risking sores or discomfort. Q4h SpO2 (A) isn't specific to NPPV. Q15min RR (B) is excessive. 1-2 L/min (D) doesn't apply to NPPV. Oral care enhances comfort, per critical care standards, vital for compliance.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is to administer digoxin (Lanoxin) elixir to a 6-month-old with a congenital heart defect. The nurse auscultates an apical pulse rate of 100. The nurse should:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: For a 6-month-old, an apical pulse of 100 beats per minute falls within the normal range (80-150 bpm), indicating it's safe to administer digoxin, a cardiac glycoside for heart defects, without delay. Recording and calling the physician or holding the dose isn't warranted unless the rate drops below 90-100 bpm (per pediatric guidelines). Rechecking post-administration isn't standard unless symptoms arise. Nurses document and proceed, ensuring timely therapy while monitoring for toxicity signs like bradycardia later.