When preparing to change a wound dressing, what should the nurse do first?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Washing hands and putting on sterile gloves first when changing a wound dressing establishes a clean field, preventing infection by removing germs and maintaining sterility during the procedure. Reusing gloves spreads pathogens, risking wound contamination. Exposing the wound delays care and invites airborne bacteria. Avoiding discussion misses a chance to ease patient anxiety communication is key, but hygiene precedes it. Nurses follow this sequence to align with aseptic technique, ensuring the wound heals without complications, a foundational step in infection control.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Using a soft toothbrush and offering assistance as needed ensures proper oral hygiene for a mobility-impaired patient by cleaning effectively while accommodating their limitations, preventing decay or infection. Weekly care neglects daily plaque buildup, risking health. Self-management may be impossible with poor dexterity or strength. Avoiding care invites complications like gingivitis discomfort comes from neglect, not care. Nurses adapt tools and techniques, brushing gently or swabbing, to maintain oral health, balancing independence with support for optimal outcomes.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Maintaining a calm and reassuring approach during bathing helps a dementia patient feel safe, reducing agitation or fear common in unfamiliar routines. Rapid bathing heightens stress, worsening distress. Cold water shocks, not alerts, risking resistance. Minimal communication isolates gentle explanation soothes, even if not fully grasped. Nurses use warm water, soft tones, and patience, adapting to cues, ensuring comfort and dignity while managing cognitive limitations effectively in this sensitive task.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Offering assistance with hair care as needed maintains hygiene for a mobility-limited patient by washing or brushing as they're able, preventing scalp issues or matting while respecting effort. Shaving saves time but dismisses preference and dignity. Monthly care neglects cleanliness weekly or as soiled is standard. Ignoring hygiene risks discomfort from buildup, not care itself. Nurses adapt tools (e.g., dry shampoo) and support, ensuring grooming supports health and morale, a small but vital care aspect.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Immunization is not a support worker's responsibility it's a clinical task for licensed professionals like nurses or doctors, requiring medical training beyond a health care aide's scope. Personal care (e.g., bathing), family support (e.g., communication), and housekeeping (e.g., tidying) align with their role in daily assistance and client well-being. Aides focus on observation and non-invasive care, not administering vaccines. Misassigning this could breach legal boundaries and safety, emphasizing the need for aides to stay within their defined duties, ensuring care remains supportive and appropriate.