When normal buffer mechanisms are overwhelmed by e

ATI LPN

ATI LPN Test Bank

When normal buffer mechanisms are overwhelmed by excessive numbers of hydrogen ions, which of the following will result?

A. acidosis B. alkalosis C. neither of these D. None of the above

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Excess H⁺ overwhelms buffers, causing acidosis (low pH).

hyperventilation

A. respiratory acidosis B. respiratory alkalosis C. metabolic acidosis D. metabolic alkalosis

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Hyperventilation reduces CO₂ causing respiratory alkalosis.

Potassium secretion in the renal tubules is regulated by

A. ADH B. aldosterone C. PTH D. calcitonin

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Aldosterone increases potassium secretion in the distal tubule.

A loss of which body secretion is most likely to cause metabolic acidosis?

A. Gastric B. Sweat C. Intestinal D. Salivary

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Intestinal loss (e.g., diarrhea) depletes HCO₃⁻, causing metabolic acidosis.

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