When measuring urine output from a drainage bag, the PSW should:

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Accurate urine measurement requires precision. Emptying into a graduate allows exact volume reading, a PSW task per care standards. Resting on the floor risks contamination. Bag markings are estimates, not precise. Flushing directly loses data. This method ensures reliable output tracking, making it the correct procedure.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Open-ended questions foster dialogue and storytelling , enhancing communication, per PSW skills. They don't focus on the PSW's story . 'Both a and b' fits, but the key selects 'A', prioritizing conversation. This aids family support, making it the correct reason.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Alzheimer's distorts time and memory, so contradicting causes distress, clashing with reality orientation's limits. Asking about breakfast deflects but doesn't engage. Calling the nurse escalates unnecessarily. Responding positively validates feelings, using therapeutic reminiscence to reduce agitation, a PSW skill per dementia care training. This builds trust and comfort, making 'Respond by saying 'that must have been a good year for you'' the correct and empathetic approach.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: PRN (pro re nata) means 'as needed' , taken for symptoms like pain, per medical terminology. Daily , before meals , or with food are scheduled, not PRN. PSWs assist with PRN meds per orders, making 'As needed' the correct definition.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Smoking is a major heart disease risk, damaging vessels and raising plaque, per cardiology. Exercise , low cholesterol , and low blood pressure reduce risk. PSWs promote heart health, making 'Smoking' the correct risk factor.