ATI LPN
LPN Pediatrics Questions
Question 1 of 5
When inserting an oropharyngeal airway in a small child, what is the preferred method?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: When inserting an oropharyngeal airway in a small child, it is crucial to depress the tongue with a tongue blade and insert the airway with the downward curve facing the tongue. This technique helps in maintaining an open airway and preventing obstruction by the tongue. Placing the airway with the curve facing the roof of the mouth or using a smaller size is not recommended for small children, as it may not effectively keep the airway patent. The tongue-jaw lift maneuver is not the preferred method for inserting an oropharyngeal airway in small children.
Question 2 of 5
You arrive at a residence shortly after a 4-year-old boy experienced an apparent febrile seizure. The child is alert and crying. His skin is flushed, hot, and moist. His mother tells you that the seizure lasted about 2 minutes. You should:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: After a febrile seizure, the recommended course of action is to provide supportive care and transport the child to a medical facility. Supportive care may include ensuring a safe environment, monitoring the child, and seeking medical evaluation to determine the underlying cause of the seizure and appropriate management.
Question 3 of 5
When performing CPR on an infant with suspected sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS), an important aspect to consider is:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: When dealing with a suspected case of SIDS, it is crucial to carefully inspect the environment in which the infant was found. This inspection can provide valuable information that may help determine the cause and support further investigation into the incident. By examining the surroundings, potential hazards or clues related to the sudden event may be identified, aiding in understanding the circumstances and potentially preventing similar incidents in the future.
Question 4 of 5
Which of the following statements regarding pediatric anatomy is correct?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In pediatric nursing, understanding pediatric anatomy is crucial for providing safe and effective care to children. The correct answer is B) The occiput is proportionately larger when compared to an adult. This statement is correct because infants and young children have proportionately larger heads compared to their body size, with the occiput being prominent. This anatomical feature is important to consider when positioning and assessing infants and young children. Option A) The child's trachea is more rigid and less prone to collapse is incorrect. In reality, a child's trachea is softer and more flexible, making them more susceptible to collapse, especially in cases of respiratory distress. Option C) Airway obstruction is common in children due to their large uvula is incorrect. Airway obstruction in children is more commonly associated with factors such as swollen tonsils, adenoids, or foreign body aspiration rather than the size of the uvula. Option D) Relative to the overall size of the airway, a child's epiglottis is smaller is incorrect. In children, the epiglottis is relatively larger compared to the size of the airway, serving to protect the delicate structures of the lower respiratory tract during swallowing. Understanding pediatric anatomy is essential for pediatric nurses to provide appropriate care, anticipate potential issues, and intervene effectively in pediatric emergencies. By knowing these anatomical differences, nurses can better assess, plan, and implement care for pediatric patients.
Question 5 of 5
What percentage of total body surface area has been burned in a 5-year-old child who experienced partial-thickness burns to his head, anterior chest, and both upper extremities?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In pediatric nursing, assessing the extent of burns is crucial for determining the severity of injury and guiding treatment. In this case, a 5-year-old child with partial-thickness burns to the head, anterior chest, and both upper extremities would have approximately 45% of the total body surface area burned. This calculation is based on the Rule of Nines, a method used to estimate the extent of burns in adults and children. The head comprises about 18% of the total body surface area in a child, each upper extremity accounts for 9% each, and the anterior chest area represents 18%. Adding these percentages together (18% + 9% + 9% + 9% = 45%) gives us the total percentage of body surface area burned in this scenario. Regarding the other options: - Option B (63%) is incorrect as it overestimates the percentage burned by including additional areas not affected by the burns in the scenario. - Option C (72%) is also incorrect as it further overestimates the percentage burned and includes areas that were not affected. - Option D (54%) is incorrect as it fails to account for the specific areas mentioned in the scenario and miscalculates the total body surface area burned. Understanding the Rule of Nines and applying it correctly is essential for nurses caring for pediatric burn patients as it helps in determining the severity of burns, guiding fluid resuscitation, and planning wound care. This knowledge is crucial in providing optimal care and ensuring positive outcomes for pediatric patients with burn injuries.