ATI LPN
Medical Surgical ATI Proctored Exam Questions
Question 1 of 5
When creating a care plan for a 70-year-old obese client admitted to the postsurgical unit following a colon resection, the client's age and increased body mass index put them at increased risk for which complication in the postoperative period?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Infection. Postoperative obese patients are at higher risk for surgical site infections due to impaired wound healing, decreased tissue oxygenation, and increased tissue pressure. Obesity also compromises the immune system, further increasing susceptibility to infections. Age is a risk factor for infection as well, as older adults may have weakened immune responses. Hyperglycemia (choice A) is a common issue in obese patients but not specifically related to postoperative complications. Azotemia (choice B) refers to elevated levels of nitrogen-containing compounds in the blood and is not directly related to obesity or age. Falls (choice C) are more related to mobility issues and environmental factors, not specifically to age and obesity in the postoperative period.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is providing an educational workshop about coronary artery disease (CAD) and its risk factors. The nurse explains to participants that CAD has many risk factors, some that can be controlled and some that cannot. What risk factors should the nurse list that can be controlled or modified?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because cholesterol levels, hypertension, and smoking are modifiable risk factors for CAD. High cholesterol levels can be controlled through diet and medication. Hypertension can be managed through lifestyle changes and medication. Smoking is a behavior that can be modified. A is incorrect because gender and family history are non-modifiable risk factors. Obesity can be controlled but is not listed in the correct answer. B is incorrect because inactivity and stress are modifiable risk factors, but gender is not modifiable. D is incorrect because stress and family history are non-modifiable risk factors, and obesity is not listed in the correct answer.
Question 3 of 5
A patient is being cared for after bariatric surgery, and the healthcare provider is assessing for hemorrhage. What is a sign of hemorrhage?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Frank red bleeding from the surgical site. This is indicative of hemorrhage post-bariatric surgery as it signifies active bleeding. Clear drainage (Choice C) is normal post-surgery. An increase in blood pressure (Choice A) could be a sign of shock from hemorrhage, but it's not specific. A decrease in heart rate (Choice D) is not typically a sign of hemorrhage.
Question 4 of 5
A client is being educated about type 2 diabetes. The educator can confirm that the client understands the primary treatment for type 2 diabetes when the client states what?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Correct Answer: C Rationale: 1. Weight loss helps improve insulin sensitivity. 2. Managing weight is crucial for controlling blood sugar levels. 3. Dietitian-designed plans focus on balanced nutrition for diabetes management. 4. Weight loss can reduce the need for medication and improve overall health. Summary of Incorrect Choices: A: Pancreas transplant is not a primary treatment for type 2 diabetes. B: Taking oral antidiabetic agents based on blood sugar levels is not ideal. D: Contacting the diabetes educator for insulin questions is important but not primary treatment.
Question 5 of 5
The client was recently diagnosed with chronic gastritis. What health practice should the nurse address when teaching the client to limit exacerbations of the disease?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Avoid taking aspirin to treat pain or fever. Aspirin can irritate the stomach lining, exacerbating gastritis symptoms. By avoiding aspirin, the client can reduce the risk of worsening gastritis. A: Physical activity is beneficial for overall health but does not directly impact gastritis exacerbations. C: While multivitamins and organic foods are generally healthy choices, they do not specifically address gastritis exacerbations. D: Maintaining a healthy body weight is important for overall health but does not directly prevent gastritis exacerbations.