When caring for a client with a femoral venous catheter, it is essential for the nurse to:

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: A femoral venous catheter, inserted into a large vein, poses a high infection risk if not handled properly. Maintaining sterile technique during care prevents introducing pathogens, which could lead to bloodstream infections, a serious complication. Irrigating with saline isn't standard unless ordered, as it risks dislodging clots or causing fluid overload. Assessing dressings for bleeding is important but secondary to infection prevention, as sterile technique addresses the root cause of complications. Limiting mobility reduces dislodgement risk but isn't the primary focus compared to infection control. Sterile technique aligns with evidence-based practice to ensure patient safety and catheter functionality.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Advance directives aren't only for the terminally ill (A) untrue; anyone can make them, per law. They include living wills (B), are revocable (C), and guide care (D). A's restriction contradicts broad eligibility, making it the correct false statement.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Evidence-based nursing practice (EBNP) integrates the best research with clinical expertise and patient values, prioritizing systematic evidence over anecdote. Recommending ginger for obstetric nausea, based on a literature review, exemplifies this identifying a problem, reviewing studies, and applying findings to practice, ensuring efficacy and safety. Relying on 35 years of experience or personal observations lacks research validation, risking outdated or biased care. Consulting about aspirin reflects a single article's influence, not a comprehensive evidence synthesis, limiting its scope. EBNP's strength lies in its rigorous process ginger's use stems from multiple studies, offering a replicable, patient-centered solution. This approach enhances care quality, reduces variability, and aligns with nursing's scientific evolution, particularly for common issues like nausea in pregnancy.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Gout increases renal calculi risk due to elevated uric acid levels forming stones, a metabolic link well-documented in nephrology unlike pancreatitis (calcium stones rarely), fractures, or disc disease, which lack direct renal impact. Nurses connect this condition to stone formation for prevention teaching, like hydration and dietary purine reduction, addressing a client's predisposition to this painful urologic issue.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: A slight elevation post-NPO likely reflects dehydration, not infection or anxiety.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Iloilo Mission Hospital School of Nursing, founded in 1906 by Baptists under Rose Nicolet, pioneered nursing education in the Philippines. Unlike St. Paul, PGH, or St. Luke's, it reflects missionary roots, training nurses in Western methods. This institution shaped early standards e.g., hygiene focus marking a key historical step in Filipino nursing's development.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Following protocols is professionalism (A) standard adherence, per definition. Teamwork (B) collaborates, disparity (C) inequity, education (D) teaches not protocol-specific. A fits professional duty, making it correct.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Alzheimer's is the leading cause of dementia in the elderly.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Health care delivery system is a network of services for health (B), per definition hospitals, clinics, etc., coordinated. Not single (A), not just policy (C), not insurance (D) broad system. B best defines its scope, making it correct.