When assisting a patient with range-of-motion exercises, what should the nurse aim to prevent?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: During range-of-motion exercises, the nurse aims to prevent pain and contractures stiff, shortened joints that limit movement and cause discomfort common in immobile patients. These exercises maintain joint function and circulation, but overdoing them or ignoring patient feedback can hurt, while neglect leads to permanent stiffness. Muscle strengthening is a benefit, not a prevention target. Joint flexibility is the goal, not something to avoid. Shortness of breath might occur but isn't the primary focus pain and contractures are the key risks. Nurses balance gentle movement with patient tolerance, ensuring long-term mobility and comfort.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Washing hands and putting on sterile gloves first when changing a wound dressing establishes a clean field, preventing infection by removing germs and maintaining sterility during the procedure. Reusing gloves spreads pathogens, risking wound contamination. Exposing the wound delays care and invites airborne bacteria. Avoiding discussion misses a chance to ease patient anxiety communication is key, but hygiene precedes it. Nurses follow this sequence to align with aseptic technique, ensuring the wound heals without complications, a foundational step in infection control.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: A drawsheet prevents skin irritation during repositioning by reducing friction and shear on a patient's skin, protecting against breakdown or ulcers in bedridden individuals. Sleep quality might improve indirectly, but it's not the focus it's physical protection. Pain assessment occurs separately, not via drawsheets. Communication isn't facilitated; it's a manual aid. Nurses slide patients with this linen layer to minimize drag, preserving skin integrity, a simple yet essential technique in immobility care.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Using a soft toothbrush and offering assistance as needed ensures proper oral hygiene for a mobility-impaired patient by cleaning effectively while accommodating their limitations, preventing decay or infection. Weekly care neglects daily plaque buildup, risking health. Self-management may be impossible with poor dexterity or strength. Avoiding care invites complications like gingivitis discomfort comes from neglect, not care. Nurses adapt tools and techniques, brushing gently or swabbing, to maintain oral health, balancing independence with support for optimal outcomes.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Maintaining a calm and reassuring approach during bathing helps a dementia patient feel safe, reducing agitation or fear common in unfamiliar routines. Rapid bathing heightens stress, worsening distress. Cold water shocks, not alerts, risking resistance. Minimal communication isolates gentle explanation soothes, even if not fully grasped. Nurses use warm water, soft tones, and patience, adapting to cues, ensuring comfort and dignity while managing cognitive limitations effectively in this sensitive task.