When assisting a patient with bathing, which water temperature is ideal?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Lukewarm water is ideal for bathing as it cleans effectively without risking burns or chilling the patient, especially those with reduced sensation or circulation, like the elderly. Extremely hot water can scald, causing injury, while ice-cold water may shock the system or cause discomfort, particularly in frail patients. Patient preference matters, but safety trumps comfort nurses must ensure the temperature is within a safe range (typically 38-40°C). Lukewarm water balances hygiene, comfort, and protection, preventing skin damage and maintaining dignity during this intimate task, a key aspect of basic care.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: A cooling blanket reduces a febrile patient's body temperature by transferring heat away from the skin, countering fever's effects and preventing complications like seizures. Inducing shivering raises temperature opposite of the goal and wastes energy. Providing warmth worsens fever, delaying recovery. Sweating might occur but isn't the aim; toxin elimination is a misconception cooling targets thermoregulation. Nurses use this to safely lower fever, monitoring closely to avoid overcooling, ensuring comfort and stability in hyperthermic states.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Ensuring the patient uses the walker as a weight-bearing aid promotes safety by providing stable support, distributing weight to reduce fall risk during ambulation. Pushing the walker from behind destabilizes it, removing patient control. Lifting it with each step negates its purpose continuous contact is key. Leaning forward risks tipping or losing balance. Nurses guide patients to grip firmly and step within the walker's frame, enhancing stability and confidence, a practical approach to safe mobility assistance.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Facing the patient and speaking clearly at a moderate volume enhances communication with a hearing-impaired patient by aiding lip-reading and ensuring audible clarity without distortion. Shouting distorts sound and facial cues, reducing effectiveness. Covering ears blocks sound entirely counterproductive. Medical jargon confuses; simple language works best. Nurses position themselves visibly, use gestures if needed, and confirm understanding, tailoring interaction to the impairment for accurate, respectful care delivery.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: A water-based moisturizer maintains skin hydration and prevents dryness by locking in moisture, protecting against cracking or irritation, especially in dry or elderly skin. Cooling might occur briefly but isn't the aim temperature regulation uses other methods. Removing oil isn't its role; it adds, not strips, hydration. Cleansing requires soap, not moisturizer it's a follow-up step. Nurses apply this to vulnerable areas like elbows or heels, supporting skin integrity and comfort, a simple yet effective care measure.