When assisting a patient with a bedpan, which action is crucial to maintaining the patient's dignity?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Providing privacy and explaining the procedure when using a bedpan upholds the patient's dignity by respecting their autonomy and reducing embarrassment. This involves using curtains, closing doors, and communicating clearly to ensure comfort and consent. Leaving the patient alone risks safety and neglects emotional support, undermining dignity. Using the bedpan without consent violates patient rights and trust. Rushing prioritizes efficiency over sensitivity, potentially causing discomfort or shame. Dignity is a core nursing value explaining the process empowers the patient, while privacy shields them from exposure, aligning with ethical care standards and fostering a respectful environment.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Positioning an unconscious patient upright and elevated during feeding prevents aspiration by aligning the esophagus for gravity-assisted swallowing, reducing the chance of food entering the airway. Large amounts at once overwhelm reflexes, heightening risk. Feeding while flat allows reflux into the lungs, a common aspiration cause. Rushing increases errors and choking hazards. Nurses use this position often 30-45 degrees to mimic natural eating posture, safeguarding respiratory health in patients lacking protective cough reflexes, a critical care priority.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: A nasogastric (NG) tube delivers nutrients and medication directly to the stomach, bypassing the mouth for patients unable to eat or swallow, like those post-surgery or unconscious. Oxygen delivery uses nasal cannulas or masks, not NG tubes. Blood pressure measurement involves cuffs, not gastric access. Heart rate monitoring uses ECGs or pulse checks unrelated to NG function. Nurses insert and manage NG tubes to ensure nutritional support and drug administration, verifying placement to avoid complications, a vital tool in acute care settings.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Providing clear instructions and demonstrating movements empowers a patient with impaired mobility to perform range-of-motion exercises independently, fostering autonomy while ensuring correct technique to maintain joint health. Doing it for them undermines self-reliance it's passive, not active, care. Limiting to once daily risks stiffness; frequency depends on ability. Discouraging exercises halts progress and morale. Nurses model motions, offer feedback, and adjust as needed, promoting independence safely, a balance of guidance and empowerment critical for rehabilitation.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Creating a quiet and calm environment at night promotes comfort and sleep by minimizing noise and stress, aligning with the body's circadian rhythm for restful recovery. Constant light disrupts sleep cycles, causing agitation. Daytime napping may fragment nighttime rest, not enhance it. Limiting communication isolates, not comforts gentle interaction can soothe. Nurses dim lights, reduce chatter, and manage interruptions, crafting a hospital setting conducive to healing sleep, vital for physical and emotional well-being.