ATI LPN
Adult Medical Surgical ATI Questions
Question 1 of 5
When assessing a client with a chest tube connected to suction, which observation indicates that the chest tube is functioning properly?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Steady bubbling in the suction control chamber. This indicates proper functioning as it shows that the suction is maintaining a consistent pressure, which is essential for effective drainage and lung re-expansion. Continuous bubbling in the water seal chamber (choice A) indicates an air leak. Intermittent bubbling in the suction control chamber (choice B) could suggest fluctuating pressure. No fluctuation in the water seal chamber (choice C) indicates either a blockage or disconnection. Steady bubbling in the suction control chamber (choice D) indicates the suction is working consistently, ensuring proper drainage and lung re-expansion.
Question 2 of 5
A client is receiving chemotherapy and is at risk for neutropenia. Which precaution should the nurse implement?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Place the client in a private room. This is important to reduce the risk of infection for the client with neutropenia, as being in a private room minimizes exposure to pathogens from other individuals. Neutropenia is a condition where there is a low level of neutrophils, a type of white blood cell that helps fight infections. By placing the client in a private room, the nurse can control the environment and limit the client's exposure to potential sources of infection. Choice A is incorrect because regular visitors may introduce pathogens that could increase the client's risk of infection. Choice B is incorrect as live vaccines are contraindicated in clients receiving chemotherapy due to their weakened immune system. Choice D is incorrect because while fresh fruits and vegetables are important for overall health, in this case, the risk of infection outweighs the benefits of a diet high in these foods.
Question 3 of 5
A client with a history of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is receiving warfarin (Coumadin). Which instruction should the nurse provide?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Use a soft-bristled toothbrush. Patients on warfarin are at risk for bleeding due to its anticoagulant effect. Using a soft-bristled toothbrush helps prevent gum bleeding and injury to the gums, reducing the risk of bleeding complications. Avoiding green leafy vegetables (choice A) is not necessary, as consistent intake is key for warfarin dosing. Taking aspirin (choice B) can increase the risk of bleeding. Limiting fluid intake (choice D) is not indicated in this case.
Question 4 of 5
When teaching a client postoperative breathing techniques with an incentive spirometer (IS), what should the nurse encourage the client to do to maintain sustained maximal inspiration?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Inspire deeply and slowly over 3 to 5 seconds. This technique is recommended for using an incentive spirometer (IS) to maintain sustained maximal inspiration. Slow, deep inhalation helps fully expand the lungs and improve lung function postoperatively. A: Exhaling forcefully into the tubing is incorrect because the purpose of using an IS is to promote deep inhalation, not forceful exhalation. C: Breathing into the spirometer using normal breath volumes is incorrect as it does not promote maximal inspiration and may not fully expand the lungs. D: Performing IS breathing exercises every 6 hours is incorrect as regular, consistent practice throughout the day is recommended for optimal lung recovery.
Question 5 of 5
An 89-year-old male client complains to the nurse that people are whispering behind his back and mumbling when they talk to him. What age-related condition is likely to be occurring with this client?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Presbycusis. This age-related condition refers to gradual hearing loss typically seen in older adults. In this case, the client's complaint of people whispering and mumbling suggests difficulty hearing clearly, which aligns with symptoms of presbycusis. Delirium (choice A) is characterized by acute confusion and disorientation, not specifically related to hearing loss. Presbyopia (choice B) is a condition of aging that affects near vision, not hearing. Cerebral dysfunction (choice D) refers to broader cognitive impairment, not specifically related to hearing loss as in presbycusis. Therefore, choice C is the most likely age-related condition in this scenario.