When an infant is vomiting uncontrollably, it is important for the nurse to assess which complications

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Uncontrollable vomiting in infants leads to significant fluid and electrolyte loss, requiring careful nursing assessment. Acidosis (choice A) occurs when acid accumulates, typically from diarrhea, not vomiting. Alkalosis (choice B) results from losing gastric acid (HCl) through vomiting, raising blood pH, a common complication in infants with prolonged emesis, such as in pyloric stenosis. Hypokalemia (choice C) can also occur due to potassium loss in vomit, especially if vomiting persists, but it's secondary to the acid-base shift. Hyperkalemia (choice D) is unlikely, as vomiting depletes rather than increases potassium. Alkalosis is the correct answer (B) because the loss of acidic stomach contents directly causes metabolic alkalosis, a priority concern in infants due to their limited compensatory mechanisms. Nurses must monitor respiratory rate (to detect compensation) and administer fluids/electrolytes to correct this imbalance, preventing further complications like seizures or cardiac issues, emphasizing the urgency of early intervention.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: In pediatric CPR with two rescuers, efficiency improves. 30:1 (choice A) and 30:2 (choice B) are adult ratios. 15:1 (choice C) isn't standard. 15:2 (choice D) is correct for children (1 month to puberty), per AHA, balancing circulation and oxygenation with less interruption. Nurses coordinate compressions (100-120/min) and breaths, ensuring effective resuscitation.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The primary cause of pain in inflammation is compression of local nerve endings by edema fluids (C). Swelling from increased capillary permeability presses on nerves, triggering pain signals. Pain mediators (A) like prostaglandins sensitize nerves but aren't the primary cause. Nerve injury (B) may occur but isn't typical in inflammation's onset. Reduced circulation (D) causes ischemia-related pain, not inflammation's hallmark. Edema's mechanical pressure directly stimulates nociceptors, aligning with inflammation's sequence and making C the correct answer.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Luvox (D), fluvoxamine, is an SSRI for OCD and depression, not an anxiolytic. Valium (A, diazepam), Ativan (B, lorazepam), and Milltown (C, meprobamate) are benzodiazepines or anxiolytics for anxiety relief. Luvox targets serotonin, not GABA like anxiolytics, per pharmacology, making D the correct non-anxiolytic.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: What makes you say that?' (B) is most appropriate, exploring Whitney's despair therapeutically, per Peplau. 'Why are you singing?' (A) dismisses, 'You are everything' (C) denies, and 'What is that?' (D) avoids depth. B invites dialogue, making it correct.