ATI LPN
Urinary System Questions and Answers Questions
Question 1 of 5
When ADH levels in the blood are high, the collecting ducts are:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: High ADH increases collecting duct permeability to water (C) via aquaporin-2, concentrating urine. They remain impermeable to water without ADH (A), proteins (B) are not filtered, and sodium/chloride (D) are regulated elsewhere, making C the effect of ADH.
Question 2 of 5
Which of the following is not one of the 3 external coverings of the kidney?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The kidney's coverings are the renal capsule (A), adipose capsule (B), and renal fascia (C). Renal adventitia (D) is not a standard term for kidney layers, making D the incorrect option.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse cares for a client with diabetes mellitus who is prescribed metformin (Glucophage) and is scheduled for an intravenous urography. Which action should the nurse take first?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Metformin with dye can cause lactic acidosis, so discontinuing it is the priority.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse cares for a client who has kidney stones from secondary hyperoxaluria. Which medication should the nurse anticipate administering?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Allopurinol treats stones from hyperoxaluria by reducing uric acid production effectively.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse teaches a client with a history of calcium phosphate urinary stones. Which statements should the nurse include in this client's dietary teaching? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Protein, sodium, and calcium restriction helps prevent calcium phosphate stone formation.