ATI LPN
LPN Fundamentals Study Guide Questions
Question 1 of 9
When a nurse is tried under criminal law, the nurse is being brought to trial by:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: When a nurse faces a trial under criminal law, it involves a legal action initiated by the state or government, representing society as a whole, rather than a private entity or individual. Criminal law addresses offenses deemed harmful to the public, such as negligence causing harm or intentional misconduct. Unlike civil cases, where an individual or organization might sue for damages, criminal cases are prosecuted by the state to uphold public safety and justice. The nurse's actions are evaluated against legal standards that protect society, making this the most accurate description. Other options, like the plaintiff's lawyer or an individual, pertain more to civil litigation, while an organization might be involved in internal discipline but not a criminal trial. This distinction is critical in understanding the scope and authority behind criminal proceedings in nursing practice.
Question 2 of 9
He described the development of faith. He suggested that faith is a spiritual dimension that gives meaning to a persons life. Faith according to him, is a relational phenomenon.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: James Fowler's faith development theory, from the 1980s, views faith as a spiritual, relational force giving life meaning e.g., a patient's trust in a nurse reflects this. Gilligan's care ethics, Westerhoff's behavioral faith, and Freud's psychology differ. Fowler's stages from intuitive to universalizing guide nurses in addressing spiritual needs, enhancing holistic care.
Question 3 of 9
The low-exhaled volume (low-pressure) alarm sounds on a ventilator. The nurse rushes to the client's room and checks the client to determine the cause of the alarm but is unable to do so. Which would be the next immediate nursing action?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A low-pressure alarm suggests a leak or disconnection; manual ventilation with a resuscitation bag (B) ensures immediate oxygenation while troubleshooting continues. Calling teams (A, C, D) delays airway support. B is correct. Rationale: Manual bagging maintains ventilation, a life-saving priority per ACLS and ventilator protocols, addressing potential hypoxia swiftly.
Question 4 of 9
The family of a 6-year-old with a fractured femur asks the nurse if the child's height will be affected by the injury. Which statement is true concerning long bone fractures in children?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Epiphyseal plate fractures can disrupt growth; other factors don't guarantee no impact.
Question 5 of 9
All of the following factors correctly influence respiration except one. Which of the following is incorrect?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Hydrocodone depresses respiration e.g., slowing RR in pain relief making it correct. Stress, heat, and altitude (low O2) raise RR e.g., panting. No incorrect factor; hydrocodone aligns with nursing pharmacology for monitoring.
Question 6 of 9
When administering oxygen therapy, what should the nurse prioritize to ensure the safety of the client?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Monitoring oxygen saturation levels (B) via pulse oximetry is the priority in oxygen therapy safety, as it directly assesses oxygenation effectiveness, ensuring the client's needs are met (target SpO2 typically 92-98%). Respiratory rate (A) is a vital sign but doesn't quantify oxygen delivery. Dyspnea (C) is subjective and less precise than objective SpO2 readings. Adjusting flow rate (D) depends on saturation data, making it secondary. Continuous or frequent SpO2 monitoring detects hypoxemia or hyperoxia early, guiding interventions to prevent complications like respiratory depression or tissue damage, a cornerstone of safe oxygen administration per nursing protocols.
Question 7 of 9
The physician has ordered Cortisporin ear drops for a 2-year-old. To administer the ear drops, the nurse should:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: For a 2-year-old, pulling the ear down and back straightens the canal for Cortisporin drops, ensuring medication reaches the infection site standard for children under 3. Up-and-back suits adults; straight out or undisturbed risks poor delivery. Nurses use this technique, teaching parents for home use, optimizing treatment efficacy.
Question 8 of 9
When John has been given paracetamol, his fever was brought down dramatically from 40 degrees Celsius to 36.7 degrees in a matter of 10 minutes. The nurse would assess this event as:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Paracetamol dropping 40°C to 36.7°C in 10 minutes fully meets fever reduction goals e.g., normal range (36.6-38°C). Partial or unmet implies residual fever; undesired criteria suggest issues (none here). Nurses document this e.g., success per outcome standards.
Question 9 of 9
Which of the following is a common complaint of the client with end-stage renal failure?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Itching is a frequent complaint in end-stage renal failure due to uremia, where accumulated waste products irritate skin nerves a hallmark of kidney dysfunction. Weight loss, tinnitus, or bruising may occur but aren't as universally tied to this stage. Nurses address this symptom with skin care and dialysis adjustments, educating clients on its cause, improving quality of life amid chronic illness.