ATI LPN
Urinary and Renal System Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
When a female client with an indwelling urinary (Foley) catheter insists on walking to the hospital lobby to visit with family members, nurse Rose teaches how to do this without compromising the catheter. Which client action indicates an accurate understanding of this information?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Keeping the drainage bag below the bladder at all times (B) ensures gravity drainage, preventing urine reflux and infection during mobility. Setting the bag on the floor (A) risks contamination, clamping tubing (C) blocks flow and raises pressure, and looping below entry (D) may kink tubing, making B the action showing correct understanding.
Question 2 of 5
What type of epithelium forms the lining of the renal calyces? A) stratified squamous, B) transitional, C) simple ciliated columnar, D) simple cuboidal
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Renal calyces are lined with transitional epithelium (B), stretching with urine. Stratified squamous (A) is in skin, ciliated columnar (C) in fallopian tubes, and cuboidal (D) in tubules, making B the match.
Question 3 of 5
Creatinine is a:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Creatinine is filtered, not secreted, and cleared, so it's higher in renal arteries than veins (B). It's a waste product, not a carbohydrate (C), and A alone isn't the full answer, making B correct.
Question 4 of 5
A patient with nephrotic syndrome develops flank pain. The nurse will anticipate teaching the patient about treatment with
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Flank pain in nephrotic syndrome suggests renal vein thrombosis (B), treated with anticoagulants due to hypercoagulability from protein loss. Antibiotics (A) treat infection, corticosteroids (C) manage nephrosis, and antihypertensives (D) control BP, but B addresses the acute issue.
Question 5 of 5
A patient who is diagnosed with nephrotic syndrome has 3+ ankle and leg edema and ascites. Which nursing diagnosis is a priority for the patient?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Massive edema and ascites (A) from hypoalbuminemia in nephrotic syndrome make excess fluid volume the priority, posing risks like respiratory distress. Activity (B), body image (C), and nutrition (D) are relevant, but fluid overload is most urgent, making A the focus.