ATI LPN
Multiple Choice Questions on Urinary System Questions
Question 1 of 5
What would happen to the GFR if the hydrostatic pressure exerted by the fluid in the capsular space increased?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Increased capsular hydrostatic pressure (B) opposes glomerular filtration pressure, reducing GFR. Increase (A) contradicts this resistance, and no change (C) ignores the balance, making B correct.
Question 2 of 5
Which action will the nurse include in the plan of care for a patient who has had a ureterolithotomy and has a left ureteral catheter and a urethral catheter in place?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Sudden drop in ureteral catheter output (D) may signal obstruction, requiring immediate provider notification to prevent renal damage. Home care (A) isn't typical (ureteral catheters are temporary), tension (B) risks displacement, and clamping (C) increases pressure, making D critical.
Question 3 of 5
A hospitalized patient who has possible renal insufficiency after coronary artery bypass surgery will have a creatinine clearance test. Which item will the nurse need to obtain?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Because creatinine clearance testing involves a 24-hour urine specimen, the nurse should obtain a large container for the urine collection. Catheterization, cleaning of the perineum with antiseptic towelettes, and a sterile specimen cup are not needed for this test.
Question 4 of 5
What is the structural and functional unit of the kidney?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The nephron (D) is the kidney's structural and functional unit, where urine formation occurs across its ~1 million units per kidney. The cortex (A) and medulla (B) are regions, and pyramids (C) are medullary structures, but only the nephron performs filtration, reabsorption, and secretion, making D the correct answer.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse contributes to the plan of care for a patient who has had radiological studies of the renal system and has a nursing diagnosis of Impaired Urinary Elimination. Which outcome indicates that the nursing interventions have been effective?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Voiding 35 mL/hour of clear urine (D) meets the >30 mL/hour goal, indicating effective interventions. Lower outputs (A, B) suggest impairment, and cloudy urine (C) may indicate infection, making D the successful outcome.