ATI LPN
LPN Fundamentals Exam Questions
Question 1 of 5
What was the focus of nursing research during the first half of the twentieth century?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: From 1900 to 1940, nursing research centered on nursing education, exploring teaching methods and evaluation to professionalize training, then hospital-based. This focus, seen in early journals, aimed to standardize learning as nursing emerged as a discipline. Client care and treatment issues gained prominence later, post-World War II, as research shifted to practical outcomes. Supply and demand surged during the war, not before, driven by military needs. Education's early emphasis built the foundation for modern nursing, ensuring nurses were equipped for growing healthcare roles. Unlike later patient-focused studies, this period's work like analyzing curriculum efficacy shaped how nurses were prepared, reflecting the era's priority to establish a skilled workforce amid limited formal structures, setting the stage for broader research expansion.
Question 2 of 5
A community health nurse is planning a health fair and wants to include illness prevention strategies. Which strategy reflects tertiary prevention?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Tertiary prevention manages existing illness to limit impact, fitting a health fair's broad reach. Referring arthritis clients to physical therapy helps maintain joint function and ease pain post-diagnosis care to reduce disability, a nursing focus for chronic conditions. Teaching bicycle safety is primary, preventing injuries. Screening cholesterol is secondary, detecting risks early. Flu shot education is primary, averting illness onset. Physical therapy referral targets those already affected arthritis affects mobility, and therapy cuts stiffness, per research making it tertiary. This strategy suits community nursing, connecting clients to resources that sustain health despite disease, ensuring the fair addresses all prevention levels while spotlighting rehabilitation's role in long-term wellness.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse identifies localized edema and __ as abnormal findings which require follow up.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Localized edema with pain (B) requires follow-up, indicating inflammation or injury. Ecchymosis (A) is bruising, less urgent unless severe. Rationale: Pain with edema suggests underlying issues like infection or thrombosis, needing prompt assessment per nursing triage principles.
Question 4 of 5
A client begins to drain small amounts of red blood from a tracheostomy tube 36 hours after a supraglottic laryngectomy. The licensed practical nurse should perform which action?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Red blood from a tracheostomy post-laryngectomy suggests bleeding; notifying the RN (A) is the priority for escalation. Suctioning (B) or moisture (C) doesn't address the cause. Documentation (D) follows. A is correct. Rationale: Bleeding may indicate hemorrhage, requiring RN assessment and intervention, per scope of practice and emergency protocols.
Question 5 of 5
A client who sustained a closed head injury is being monitored for increased intracranial pressure. Arterial blood gases are obtained, and the results include a PCO2 of $33 \mathrm{~mm} \mathrm{Hg}$. What action is most important for the nurse to take?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A PCO2 of 33 mm Hg suggests hyperventilation, possibly compensating for ICP. Informing the provider and monitoring (D) is most important to guide management. Slowing breathing (A) risks raising PCO2. Suctioning (B) or oxygen (C) isn't indicated yet. D is correct. Rationale: Low PCO2 may reflect ICP response; ongoing monitoring and reporting ensure timely intervention, per neurocritical care standards.