What type of patient care model is the most common for student nurses and private duty nurses?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Total patient care assigns one nurse to all of a patient's needs e.g., a student nurse managing a single client's meds, hygiene, and monitoring. Common in training and private duty, it ensures focused, hands-on learning or personalized care, unlike team nursing (group tasks), primary nursing (24-hour oversight), or case management (coordination). Its simplicity suits educational and one-on-one settings, enhancing skill mastery.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Rosario Delgado was the inaugural PNA president in 1922, leading its founding e.g., pushing licensure exams. Giron-Tupas (founder), Sotejo (educator), and Tupas (relative) differ. Her role established Filipino nursing's professional voice, a foundational step in its organizational history.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Axillary temperature is safest and least invasive no mucosal entry e.g., armpit placement avoids risks of rectal (perforation), oral (biting), or tympanic (ear damage). Ideal for infants or frail patients, nurses favor it for safety, per non-invasive assessment guidelines.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The right arm is preferred e.g., standard practice unless contraindicated (e.g., IVs). Contraptions (interference), left arm post-right CVA (weakness), or left default don't apply. Nurses choose this e.g., in routine checks for consistency, per clinical guidelines.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Functional nursing thrives with many patients and few nurses by assigning specific tasks e.g., one nurse gives meds, another checks vitals maximizing efficiency. Team nursing uses groups, primary nursing prioritizes one nurse's oversight, and total care demands one-on-one, less feasible here. In busy wards, this task-oriented approach ensures coverage, though it risks fragmentation. Its repetitive nature builds expertise, making it practical when staffing is stretched thin, a common reality in high-demand settings.