ATI LPN
Urinary and Renal System Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
What type of epithelium forms the lining of the renal calyces? A) stratified squamous, B) transitional, C) simple ciliated columnar, D) simple cuboidal
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Renal calyces are lined with transitional epithelium (B), stretching with urine. Stratified squamous (A) is in skin, ciliated columnar (C) in fallopian tubes, and cuboidal (D) in tubules, making B the match.
Question 2 of 5
A patient with nephrotic syndrome develops flank pain. The nurse will anticipate teaching the patient about treatment with
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Flank pain in nephrotic syndrome suggests renal vein thrombosis (B), treated with anticoagulants due to hypercoagulability from protein loss. Antibiotics (A) treat infection, corticosteroids (C) manage nephrosis, and antihypertensives (D) control BP, but B addresses the acute issue.
Question 3 of 5
A patient who is diagnosed with nephrotic syndrome has 3+ ankle and leg edema and ascites. Which nursing diagnosis is a priority for the patient?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Massive edema and ascites (A) from hypoalbuminemia in nephrotic syndrome make excess fluid volume the priority, posing risks like respiratory distress. Activity (B), body image (C), and nutrition (D) are relevant, but fluid overload is most urgent, making A the focus.
Question 4 of 5
A patient gives the admitting nurse health information before a scheduled intravenous pyelogram (IVP). Which item requires the nurse to intervene before the procedure?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Iodine-based contrast dye is used during IVP and for many CT scans. The nurse will need to notify the health care provider before the procedures so that the patient can receive medications such as antihistamines or corticosteroids before the procedures are started. The other information does not have immediate implications for the patient's care during the procedures.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is reviewing the patient's history and physical report. What is the term used to describe waste products building up in the blood?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Uremia (D) describes waste buildup (e.g., BUN, creatinine) in blood from kidney dysfunction. Nitrosemia (A) and proteinemia (B) are not terms, and septicemia (C) is infection-related, making D the correct term.