What term is used to identify a situation where a specific target and method of attack are identified by a reliable source, such as a bomb in the possession of a known terrorist group targeting a government building in a local community?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Credible threat. A credible threat refers to a specific target and method of attack identified by a reliable source. In this scenario, the bomb in the possession of a known terrorist group targeting a government building fits the definition of a credible threat. Choice B: Biological event is incorrect because it does not align with the given scenario of a known terrorist group targeting a government building with a bomb. Choice C: National disaster is incorrect as it does not accurately describe the specific situation of a targeted attack by a terrorist group. Choice D: All-hazards approach is incorrect because it is a comprehensive strategy for addressing various types of emergencies, not specifically focused on a credible threat like the one described in the question.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Arranging for in-home support services like Meals on Wheels is crucial for ensuring the patient receives proper nutrition and support after discharge. This goes beyond simply administering medications or providing transportation. By arranging for in-home meals, the nurse addresses the patient's nutritional needs, promotes their overall well-being, and supports their ongoing care requirements. Administering pain medication or teaching medication management, while important, do not directly address the patient's need for nutritional support. Taking the patient by wheelchair to the car is focused on physical transportation and does not encompass the holistic care approach needed for a successful transition to home care.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Medical Reserve Corps (MRC). The MRC is a community-based organization that consists of local volunteers trained to assist during emergencies. In this scenario, the volunteers completed an emergency response course and are involved in community education, which aligns with the mission of the MRC. The MRC focuses on public health preparedness, response, and recovery efforts at the local level. Incorrect choices: A: Metropolitan Medical Response System (MMRS) - MMRS focuses on enhancing local response capabilities to mass casualty incidents involving hazardous materials. The scenario does not mention hazardous materials or mass casualty incidents. C: National Disaster Medical System (NDMS) - NDMS is a federally coordinated system that provides medical care during disasters. The scenario describes local volunteer responders, not a federal system. D: Commissioned Corps Readiness Force (CCRF) - CCRF is a unit within the U.S. Public Health Service Commissioned Corps focused on readiness for public health emergencies. The

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Accrediting agencies like the Joint Commission ensure quality care by confirming the delivery of satisfactory care. This involves evaluating healthcare facilities based on established standards and guidelines to ensure they meet quality benchmarks. Imposing maximum staffing levels (A) and stipulating nurse-patient ratios (B) are important factors but not directly controlled by accrediting agencies. Requiring a specific staff mix (D) may influence care quality, but it is not the primary focus of accrediting agencies. Therefore, choice C is correct as it directly aligns with the main function of accrediting agencies.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: clinical pathway. A clinical pathway is a detailed plan of care that outlines specific interventions and timelines based on assessment findings. In this scenario, the plan includes specific dates for discontinuing supplemental oxygen, changing ventilation methods, and transitioning antibiotics. This structured approach ensures consistent and efficient care delivery. A: Patient classification system categorizes patients based on their clinical needs, not specific care plans. B: Patient-centered plan of care focuses on individual preferences and goals, not necessarily specific interventions and timelines. C: Diagnosis-related group is a classification system for reimbursement based on diagnoses, not specific care plans. In summary, the other choices are incorrect because they do not accurately describe a detailed plan of care with specific interventions and timelines like a clinical pathway does.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: the length of the client's stay. Evaluating the cost-effectiveness of care involves considering the resources utilized, and the length of stay directly impacts costs. A shorter stay typically means lower costs without compromising quality. Age (A) does not directly impact cost-effectiveness. Community support groups (B) may contribute to the client's overall well-being but do not directly relate to cost-effectiveness. The type of insurance (D) may affect reimbursement but does not provide direct information on cost-effectiveness. Therefore, the length of the client's stay is the most relevant factor to assess cost-effectiveness.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A. Nurses prioritize patient care and professionalism, making them hesitant to engage in strikes that may disrupt patient care. This is because strikes can be perceived as conflicting with their duty to serve and protect clients. Choice B is incorrect because nurses may not base their decision to strike solely on evidence-based studies; their decision is more likely influenced by ethical considerations and personal values. Choice C is incorrect as nurses engaging in strikes are usually protected by labor laws and regulations, which allow them to participate in organized strikes without facing legal punishment for professional misconduct. Choice D is incorrect because while nurses do prioritize patient safety, they do not primarily resort to strikes as a means to emphasize safety initiatives; instead, they typically focus on other strategies such as advocacy and communication to address safety concerns.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Preparedness. In this scenario, the nurses and community officials are taking proactive measures to ensure that necessary supplies are in place before a disaster occurs. Preparedness involves planning, training, and equipping individuals and communities to respond effectively to emergencies. Crisis Intervention (A) occurs during the immediate aftermath of a disaster to address immediate needs. Recovery (C) is the phase where communities rebuild and restore their infrastructure post-disaster. Relief Response (D) involves the initial emergency response to provide immediate assistance to those affected. Overall, the focus on ensuring supplies are in place for potential sheltering indicates preparedness for a disaster, making it the correct choice.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because Linda Richards was the first professionally trained nurse in the United States and she established the practice of documenting patient care in medical records. This action is directly linked to her contribution as it improved the organization and continuity of patient care. Exploring psychosocial needs (B) and listening to patient symptoms (D) are important nursing practices, but they were not specifically attributed to Linda Richards. Using antiseptic before injections (A) is important for infection control, but it was not directly related to Linda Richards' contribution.