ATI LPN
Cardiovascular Disease Quiz Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
What substance prevents friction when the heart contracts?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The fluid in the pericardial cavity, produced by the serous pericardium, lubricates the heart, reducing friction as it contracts and expands.
Question 2 of 5
A patient with primary hypertension complains of dizziness with ambulation. The patient is currently on an alpha-adrenergic blocker and the nurse assesses characteristic signs and symptoms of postural hypotension. When teaching this patient about risks associated with postural hypotension, what should the nurse emphasize?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Patients who experience postural hypotension should be taught to rise slowly from a lying or sitting position and use a cane or walker if necessary for safety. It is not necessary to teach these patients about increasing fluids or taking medication in the morning (this would increase the effects of dizziness). Patient should not be taught to stop the medication if dizziness persists because this is unsafe and beyond the nurse's scope of practice.
Question 3 of 5
A student nurse is taking care of an elderly patient with hypertension during a clinical experience. The instructor asks the student about the relationships between BP and age. What would be the best answer by the student?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Structural and functional changes in the heart and blood vessels contribute to increases in BP that occur with aging. Venous insufficiency does not cause hypertension, however. Increased BP is not primarily a result of neurologic changes.
Question 4 of 5
Regarding cardiac electrical properties:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The last parts of the myocardium to depolarise typically do not include the septum, which depolarises early.
Question 5 of 5
Which does not cause vasodilation?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Decreased extracellular K+ generally does not cause vasodilation; rather, increased K+ can promote vasodilation.