ATI LPN
NCLEX Questions on Gastrointestinal System Questions
Question 1 of 5
What occurs during the digestion of proteins?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because during protein digestion, specific enzymes such as proteases break down proteins into amino acids. Proteins are large molecules made up of amino acids, and the body needs to break them down into individual amino acids for absorption and utilization. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because hormones do not directly break down proteins, and proteins are not broken down into simple sugars or complex starches during digestion. It is essential to understand the role of enzymes in protein digestion to select the correct answer.
Question 2 of 5
The digestion of food and subsequent absorption into the bloodstream is important because
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because absorbed food serves as the raw material for metabolism. Once food is digested and absorbed into the bloodstream, it provides the essential nutrients needed for various metabolic processes in the body, such as energy production, growth, repair, and maintenance of tissues. This is crucial for overall body function and health. Explanation for other choices: A: Absorbed food is not toxic to the body; in fact, it provides essential nutrients. B: Absorbed food stimulating reproduction is not directly related to digestion and absorption. D: Absorbed food does not directly aid in respiration; respiration involves the exchange of gases in the lungs.
Question 3 of 5
A disorder of the digestive system that can cause severe dehydration is known as
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: diarrhea. Diarrhea is a disorder of the digestive system that leads to frequent and watery bowel movements, resulting in fluid loss and potential severe dehydration. It is essential to replace lost fluids and electrolytes to prevent dehydration. Choice A, appendicitis, is inflammation of the appendix and does not directly cause severe dehydration. Choice B, gallstones, is the formation of hardened deposits in the gallbladder and does not typically lead to dehydration. Choice C, constipation, is difficulty in passing stool and does not result in severe dehydration as seen in diarrhea.
Question 4 of 5
The excretory system is responsible for moving toxic wastes, dissolved molecules, and excess heat. You would conclude that the excretory system contributes to
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Rationale: The excretory system removes waste products to maintain dynamic equilibrium by regulating the body's internal environment. It helps control water balance, electrolyte levels, and pH, ensuring homeostasis. Circulating molecules (choice A) are more related to the circulatory system. Producing egg and sperm cells (choice C) pertains to the reproductive system. Gas exchange (choice D) is primarily carried out by the respiratory system. Thus, choice B is correct as the excretory system plays a crucial role in maintaining dynamic equilibrium in the body.
Question 5 of 5
The presence of large numbers of mitochondria in the tubule cells of nephrons suggests that the transport of materials into and out of tubule cells requires
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: energy. Mitochondria are responsible for producing energy in the form of ATP through cellular respiration, which is crucial for active transport processes in tubule cells of nephrons. Active transport requires energy to move molecules against their concentration gradient. Acids (choice A) are not directly related to the function of mitochondria in energy production. Pigments (choice B) are not involved in cellular energy production. Enzymes (choice D) facilitate reactions but do not directly provide the energy needed for transport processes. In summary, the presence of large numbers of mitochondria in tubule cells suggests the requirement of energy for material transport, making choice C the correct answer.