ATI LPN
100 Questions on the Cardiovascular System Questions
Question 1 of 5
What nursing interventions are essential for a client with ventricular tachycardia prescribed lidocaine IV?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Lidocaine can cause CNS toxicity, and it is incompatible with many IV drugs, so compatibility must be ensured.
Question 2 of 5
32 y/o male presents with burning sensation in chest following most large meals for 2-3 months. He denies dysphagia, weight change, or bleeding. Which of the following studies has the highest sensitivity for the initial diagnosis of GERD with typical symptoms?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: For typical GERD symptoms (heartburn after meals), an empiric trial of a PPI like omeprazole is highly sensitive and specific as a diagnostic test, with symptom resolution confirming the diagnosis. Invasive tests like pH monitoring or EGD are reserved for atypical or refractory cases.
Question 3 of 5
A 50-year-old female with a history of hypertension presents with palpitations. Her ECG shows irregularly irregular rhythm with no discernible P waves. What is the most likely diagnosis?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The absence of P waves and an irregularly irregular rhythm are hallmark features of atrial fibrillation.
Question 4 of 5
59 yo woman presents with onset of tingling in her toes. Her reflexes are depressed with downgoing toes. The finding that suggests most strongly that this is Guillain-Barré syndrome and not a spinal cord problem is:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Lack of incontinence strongly favors Guillain-Barré (peripheral neuropathy) over spinal cord lesions, which often affect bowel/bladder control.
Question 5 of 5
Opioids are often utilized in patients in palliative settings. Which side effect is generally associated with their use in this patient population?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Nausea is a common opioid side effect due to central nervous system and gastrointestinal effects. Opioids typically cause constipation (not diarrhea), sedation (not vigilance), and may relieve dyspnea in palliative care.