ATI LPN
Multiple Choice Questions on Urinary System Questions
Question 1 of 5
What is the structural and functional unit of the kidney?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The nephron (D) is the kidney's structural and functional unit, where urine formation occurs across its ~1 million units per kidney. The cortex (A) and medulla (B) are regions, and pyramids (C) are medullary structures, but only the nephron performs filtration, reabsorption, and secretion, making D the correct answer.
Question 2 of 5
A patient who has diabetic nephropathy asks the nurse Why am I using smaller doses of insulin than I used to? What would be the best explanation by the nurse?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: As renal function decreases the patient needs smaller doses of insulin because the kidney normally degrades insulin.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is preparing a patient diagnosed with benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH) for a lower urinary tract cystoscopic examination. The nurse informs the patient that the most common temporary complication experienced after this procedure is what?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Urinary retention (A) is common post-cystoscopy in BPH due to edema from instrumentation. Hematuria occurs but not hemorrhage (C), perforation (B) is rare, and nausea (D) isn't typical, making A the most likely complication.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is aware of the high incidence and prevalence of fluid volume deficit among older adults. What related health education should the nurse provide to an older adult?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Older adults have reduced thirst, so drinking frequently despite no thirst (C) prevents deficit. 4L (A) is excessive, other fluids (B) are fine, and salt (D) isn't advised, making C the education.
Question 5 of 5
A client with borderline personality disorder exhibits splitting behavior. The nurse understands this behavior involves:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Splitting involves seeing others as all good or all bad, alternating between idealization and devaluation.