ATI LPN
LPN Pediatrics Questions
Question 1 of 5
What is the purpose of the pediatric assessment triangle?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D) Form a general impression of the child without touching them. The purpose of the pediatric assessment triangle is to quickly and effectively assess a child's overall condition without the need for physical contact. By observing the child's appearance, work of breathing, and circulation to the skin, healthcare providers can rapidly determine if the child is in distress and requires immediate intervention. Option A) Detect immediate life threats through a quick hands-on assessment is incorrect because the pediatric assessment triangle is specifically designed to assess the child visually without the need for hands-on intervention initially. Option B) Identify if the child has a medical condition or a traumatic injury is incorrect because the pediatric assessment triangle focuses on assessing the child's general appearance, respiratory effort, and circulation status to determine the need for urgent care, rather than identifying specific medical conditions or injuries. Option C) Determine if the child's problem is respiratory or circulatory in nature is incorrect because while the pediatric assessment triangle helps to identify if the child is in distress, it does not specifically differentiate between respiratory or circulatory issues. In an educational context, understanding the pediatric assessment triangle is crucial for nurses working in pediatric settings to quickly and efficiently assess the condition of a child in an emergency situation. It helps prioritize care and guide interventions based on the child's overall presentation.
Question 2 of 5
A 30-year-old woman is 22 weeks pregnant with her first child. She tells you that her rings are not fitting as loosely as they usually do and that her ankles are swollen. Her blood pressure is 150/86 mm Hg. She is MOST likely experiencing:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The symptoms of swollen ankles, tight rings, and elevated blood pressure in a pregnant woman at 22 weeks gestation are concerning for preeclampsia. Preeclampsia is characterized by high blood pressure and signs of organ damage, commonly seen with symptoms such as swelling (edema) and protein in the urine. It is crucial to monitor and manage preeclampsia promptly as it can lead to severe complications for both the mother and the baby.
Question 3 of 5
During the 5-minute Apgar assessment of a newborn, you note a heart rate of 130 beats/min, cyanosis in the hands and feet, and rapid respirations. The baby cries when you flick the soles of its feet and resists leg straightening. These findings correspond to an Apgar score of:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The Apgar score is a rapid assessment tool to evaluate the newborn's transition to life outside the womb. The Apgar score is based on five components: heart rate (>100 bpm), respiratory effort (rapid breathing), muscle tone (resisting leg straightening), reflex irritability (crying when feet are flicked), and color (cyanosis to extremities). The described findings match a score of 9, indicating good overall condition and adaptation to extrauterine life.
Question 4 of 5
Following delivery of a newborn, the 21-year-old mother is experiencing mild vaginal bleeding. You note that her heart rate has increased from 90 to 120 beats/min and she is diaphoretic. In addition to administering high-flow oxygen, treatment should include:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In this scenario, the mother is showing signs of postpartum hemorrhage with increased heart rate, diaphoresis, and mild vaginal bleeding. The correct approach involves treating for shock by addressing hypovolemia and providing uterine massage to help control bleeding. Administering high-flow oxygen is essential. Therefore, the most appropriate option is to treat for shock and perform uterine massage during transport to manage the postpartum hemorrhage effectively.
Question 5 of 5
You are called to a local park for a 7-year-old boy with respiratory distress. During your assessment, you find that the patient is wheezing and has widespread hives and facial edema. What should you suspect has occurred?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is B) Allergic reaction. This choice is correct because the patient is presenting with symptoms of respiratory distress (wheezing) along with widespread hives and facial edema, which are classic signs of an allergic reaction. Option A) Poison oak exposure is unlikely as the symptoms described are more indicative of an allergic reaction rather than a specific contact with poison oak. Option C) Heat illness does not align with the symptoms presented by the patient, as there is no mention of signs such as excessive sweating, dizziness, or high body temperature. Option D) Acute asthma attack is a plausible choice due to the respiratory distress symptoms, but the presence of widespread hives and facial edema strongly suggests an allergic reaction over an asthma attack. Educationally, it is important for pediatric nurses to be able to recognize and differentiate between various conditions that can cause respiratory distress in children. Understanding the signs and symptoms of allergic reactions, asthma attacks, and other common pediatric emergencies is crucial for providing timely and appropriate care to pediatric patients in various settings, including outdoor environments like parks.