What is the purpose of performing passive range-of-motion exercises on a bedridden patient?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Passive range-of-motion exercises, where the nurse moves the patient's limbs, maintain joint mobility and prevent contractures in bedridden patients unable to move themselves. This preserves flexibility and circulation, staving off stiffness and deformity from disuse. Independence isn't the immediate goal assistance is required. Assessing strength might occur incidentally, but it's not the purpose; active exercises test that. Exercise for staff is a byproduct, not the intent it's patient-focused. Nurses perform this to counteract immobility's effects, ensuring long-term joint health and comfort in dependent care scenarios.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Ensuring the patient uses the walker as a weight-bearing aid promotes safety by providing stable support, distributing weight to reduce fall risk during ambulation. Pushing the walker from behind destabilizes it, removing patient control. Lifting it with each step negates its purpose continuous contact is key. Leaning forward risks tipping or losing balance. Nurses guide patients to grip firmly and step within the walker's frame, enhancing stability and confidence, a practical approach to safe mobility assistance.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Facing the patient and speaking clearly at a moderate volume enhances communication with a hearing-impaired patient by aiding lip-reading and ensuring audible clarity without distortion. Shouting distorts sound and facial cues, reducing effectiveness. Covering ears blocks sound entirely counterproductive. Medical jargon confuses; simple language works best. Nurses position themselves visibly, use gestures if needed, and confirm understanding, tailoring interaction to the impairment for accurate, respectful care delivery.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: A water-based moisturizer maintains skin hydration and prevents dryness by locking in moisture, protecting against cracking or irritation, especially in dry or elderly skin. Cooling might occur briefly but isn't the aim temperature regulation uses other methods. Removing oil isn't its role; it adds, not strips, hydration. Cleansing requires soap, not moisturizer it's a follow-up step. Nurses apply this to vulnerable areas like elbows or heels, supporting skin integrity and comfort, a simple yet effective care measure.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Elevating the head of the bed and providing breathing exercises promotes comfort in dyspnea by opening airways, easing lung effort, and teaching control over breath, reducing panic and strain. Rapid, shallow breathing worsens oxygen deficit and fatigue. Sedatives might calm but suppress respiration, risking decline. Supine positioning compresses lungs, intensifying distress. Nurses use Fowler's position and pursed-lip techniques, enhancing airflow and comfort, a dual approach vital for respiratory relief.