What is the purpose of administering Vitamin K to newborns?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: To prevent bleeding disorders. Newborns have low levels of Vitamin K, which is essential for blood clotting. Administering Vitamin K at birth helps prevent a rare but serious condition called Vitamin K deficiency bleeding. Choice A is incorrect because Vitamin K does not prevent jaundice. Choice B is incorrect as Vitamin K does not boost the immune system. Choice D is incorrect as Vitamin K does not enhance bone development. Administering Vitamin K to newborns is crucial for preventing bleeding issues.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Exclusive breastfeeding provides complete nutrition for the first 6 months of a baby's life as breast milk contains all necessary nutrients. This is crucial for infant growth and development. It is recommended by health organizations worldwide. Other choices are incorrect: A is not directly related to breastfeeding, B is false as breastfeeding actually helps reduce allergies, and D is not a primary benefit of exclusive breastfeeding.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Poliomyelitis. The EPI targets diseases for eradication through vaccination programs. Polio is a priority due to its devastating effects and the effectiveness of the polio vaccine. Hepatitis B (A) is not currently targeted for eradication. Diphtheria (B) and Tuberculosis (D) are controlled through vaccination and treatment but are not targeted for global eradication efforts.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct action is to delay the immunization until the fever subsides. This is because administering a vaccine during a fever may affect the body's immune response and efficacy of the vaccine. Giving a lower dose (choice C) may not provide adequate protection. Administering an antipyretic (choice D) may temporarily reduce fever but does not address the underlying illness causing the fever. Administering the vaccine as scheduled (choice A) can be harmful and is not recommended when the child has a fever.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Reduces the risk of severe measles. Vitamin A helps strengthen the immune system, reducing the severity of infections like measles. Providing supplements can prevent complications and reduce mortality rates. A, C, and D are incorrect as Vitamin A specifically targets measles prevention, not cognitive development, anemia prevention, or physical growth. Measles is a major concern in children, and Vitamin A supplementation significantly benefits their health by reducing measles-related complications.