What is the primary purpose of providing iron supplementation to pregnant women?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: To prevent anemia. Iron supplementation in pregnant women is primarily aimed at preventing iron-deficiency anemia, a common condition during pregnancy due to increased demand for iron. Anemia can lead to complications for both the mother and the fetus, such as low birth weight and preterm birth. Providing iron helps maintain adequate hemoglobin levels for optimal oxygen transport. Summary of why other choices are incorrect: B: Supporting fetal growth is an important aspect of prenatal care, but iron supplementation specifically targets preventing anemia. C: While iron deficiency may contribute to premature labor, the primary purpose of iron supplementation is to prevent anemia. D: Postpartum hemorrhage risk is more related to factors such as uterine atony and trauma during childbirth, not directly impacted by iron supplementation.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Vastus lateralis muscle. The vastus lateralis is a recommended site for administration of DPT vaccine in infants and young children. It is a large muscle located in the thigh, providing a well-developed area for injection with minimal risk of hitting nerves or blood vessels. The site is easily accessible, especially for parents or caregivers administering the vaccine. Choice A (Deltoid muscle) is more commonly used in adults, not preferred for infants. Choices C (Gluteus maximus muscle) and D (Abdomen) are not recommended sites for DPT vaccine administration due to potential risk of hitting sciatic nerve in the gluteal region and abdominal organs in the abdomen, respectively.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct interval between tetanus toxoid doses for pregnant women is 4 weeks. This short interval ensures optimal immunity for both the mother and the baby against tetanus. Giving the dose every 4 weeks during pregnancy helps maintain the protective levels of antibodies. Waiting longer intervals could decrease the effectiveness of the vaccine and leave the mother and baby vulnerable to tetanus infection. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because longer intervals between doses may not provide adequate protection and could compromise immunity levels during pregnancy.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Iron supplementation is given to pregnant women to prevent anemia. During pregnancy, iron requirements increase to support the growing fetus and maternal blood volume expansion. Anemia in pregnancy can lead to complications such as low birth weight, preterm birth, and maternal fatigue. Iron is essential for the production of hemoglobin, which carries oxygen to the tissues. Therefore, ensuring adequate iron levels helps prevent anemia and supports the health of both the mother and the baby. Summary: - A: Correct. Prevents anemia by supporting hemoglobin production. - B: Incorrect. Fetal growth is influenced by various factors, not just iron. - C: Incorrect. Premature labor is not directly prevented by iron supplementation. - D: Incorrect. Postpartum hemorrhage is more related to factors like uterine atony, not iron levels.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct injection site for administering the DPT vaccine to an infant is the vastus lateralis muscle. This site is preferred for infants and young children because it has a larger muscle mass, reducing the risk of hitting a nerve or bone. The vastus lateralis muscle is located on the thigh, making it easily accessible and safe for injecting vaccines. It is recommended by healthcare professionals for infants due to better absorption and reduced discomfort. In contrast, the deltoid muscle is more suitable for adults, the gluteal muscle carries a risk of hitting the sciatic nerve, and the forearm lacks sufficient muscle mass for injection.