What is the primary purpose of conducting an epidemiologic investigation?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The primary purpose of conducting an epidemiologic investigation is to delineate the etiology of the epidemic. This involves studying the causes and risk factors contributing to the outbreak of the disease. Understanding the etiology helps in developing prevention and control strategies. Other choices are incorrect because encouraging cooperation and support of the community (B) and identifying groups at risk (C) are important outcomes but not the primary purpose of the investigation. Similarly, identifying geographical locations of disease cases (D) is essential for mapping the spread but not the main objective of determining the cause.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Core group formation. This step involves identifying and training potential leaders within the community to take on leadership roles in organizing efforts. By forming a core group of trained leaders, the community can effectively plan, implement, and sustain their initiatives. A: Integration refers to bringing different groups together, not specifically focused on training leaders. B: Community organization is a broad term encompassing various steps, including core group formation. C: Community study involves gathering information and understanding the community's needs, not specifically focused on training leaders. In summary, D is correct because core group formation specifically targets training potential leaders, while the other choices are more general or unrelated to leadership development.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because successful community organizing involves active participation of community members in addressing the problem collectively. By participating in community activities, individuals feel empowered and invested in finding solutions. Choice B is incorrect as implementation alone does not guarantee community involvement. Choice C focuses on planning only, neglecting the importance of actual participation. Choice D is also incorrect as mere identification of the problem does not demonstrate successful community organizing without further action.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Step-by-step rationale for choice C (Municipal health officer) being correct: 1. Municipal health officers have authority over health services in the local government. 2. They are responsible for overseeing healthcare facilities and responding to emergencies. 3. Municipal health officers can coordinate with hospitals and specialists for complex cases. 4. Referring a labor complication case to a municipal health officer ensures proper management and timely intervention. Summary: A (Public health nurse) lacks authority to manage complex cases. B (Rural health midwife) may not have the resources for all complications. D (Any of these health professionals) is too general, and specific expertise is needed. C is the best choice due to authority and coordination capabilities.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Tertiary. Region IV Hospital is classified as a tertiary facility because it provides specialized and advanced medical services such as organ transplants, neurosurgery, and complex cancer treatments. Tertiary hospitals are equipped with specialized medical staff and advanced technology to handle complex cases and provide specialized care. A: Primary facilities offer basic healthcare services without specialized care. B: Secondary facilities provide more specialized services than primary care but not as advanced as tertiary care. C: Intermediate is not a common classification for healthcare facilities and does not accurately describe Region IV Hospital.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Step 1: Cyclical variation refers to a pattern that repeats at regular intervals. Step 2: The increase in Dengue fever cases at the end of the rainy season is a recurring pattern. Step 3: The rise in cases is linked to the environmental conditions during the rainy season. Step 4: This cyclic increase in cases is not a sudden outbreak (epidemic) or random (sporadic). Step 5: Secular occurrence refers to long-term trends, not short-term patterns like the end of a season. Summary: Choice B is correct because the pattern of Dengue fever cases increasing at the end of the rainy season aligns with cyclical variation, unlike the other options which do not accurately describe this specific pattern.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Secondary. Operation Timbang involves early detection and intervention to prevent the progression of malnutrition, which falls under secondary prevention. Primary prevention aims to prevent the occurrence of a health issue, while tertiary prevention focuses on managing and reducing the impact of an existing health problem. Intermediate prevention is not a recognized category in public health. In summary, Operation Timbang is focused on early detection and intervention, making it a form of secondary prevention.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Health deficit. Mental retardation in the youngest child of the Delos Reyes family represents a health deficit as it indicates a lack or impairment in the child's cognitive abilities and overall health status. The typology of family nursing problems categorizes issues that require nursing interventions, and a health deficit aligns with the child's developmental delay. A health threat (choice A) typically refers to potential risks to health, which is not the case here as the diagnosis has already been made. Foreseeable crisis (choice C) involves situations that may lead to a crisis but are not yet imminent, which does not apply in this scenario. Stress point (choice D) involves a specific event or situation causing stress, which is not the primary concern in this case.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because in community-based nursing, conducting a community diagnosis is crucial to identify the specific nursing needs and problems of the community. This helps in planning and implementing appropriate interventions. Choice A is incorrect as providing services in the natural environment is a characteristic of community health nursing, not community-based practice specifically. Choice C is incorrect because community-based practice focuses on utilizing resources beyond just those available within the community. Choice D is incorrect as priority setting is based on the identified needs, not just the magnitude of health problems.