What is the primary purpose of applying a cooling blanket to a febrile patient?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: A cooling blanket reduces a febrile patient's body temperature by transferring heat away from the skin, countering fever's effects and preventing complications like seizures. Inducing shivering raises temperature opposite of the goal and wastes energy. Providing warmth worsens fever, delaying recovery. Sweating might occur but isn't the aim; toxin elimination is a misconception cooling targets thermoregulation. Nurses use this to safely lower fever, monitoring closely to avoid overcooling, ensuring comfort and stability in hyperthermic states.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Facing the patient and speaking clearly at a moderate volume enhances communication with a hearing-impaired patient by aiding lip-reading and ensuring audible clarity without distortion. Shouting distorts sound and facial cues, reducing effectiveness. Covering ears blocks sound entirely counterproductive. Medical jargon confuses; simple language works best. Nurses position themselves visibly, use gestures if needed, and confirm understanding, tailoring interaction to the impairment for accurate, respectful care delivery.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: A water-based moisturizer maintains skin hydration and prevents dryness by locking in moisture, protecting against cracking or irritation, especially in dry or elderly skin. Cooling might occur briefly but isn't the aim temperature regulation uses other methods. Removing oil isn't its role; it adds, not strips, hydration. Cleansing requires soap, not moisturizer it's a follow-up step. Nurses apply this to vulnerable areas like elbows or heels, supporting skin integrity and comfort, a simple yet effective care measure.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Elevating the head of the bed and providing breathing exercises promotes comfort in dyspnea by opening airways, easing lung effort, and teaching control over breath, reducing panic and strain. Rapid, shallow breathing worsens oxygen deficit and fatigue. Sedatives might calm but suppress respiration, risking decline. Supine positioning compresses lungs, intensifying distress. Nurses use Fowler's position and pursed-lip techniques, enhancing airflow and comfort, a dual approach vital for respiratory relief.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Supporting the lower back with a cushion promotes comfort and pain relief by aligning the spine, reducing strain on muscles and discs in back pain patients. Lying flat often worsens lumbar stress elevation or support helps. Direct heat pad application risks burns; a barrier is safer, and heat isn't the only fix. Limiting movement excessively stiffens, not relieves gentle activity aids. Nurses position cushions strategically, easing pressure points, a simple adjustment for sustained back comfort.