ATI LPN
Hematologic System Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
What is the primary purpose of a transitional object?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The primary purpose of a transitional object is to decrease anxiety in the toddler. The object provides comfort and security when the child is separated from their caregiver, reducing feelings of distress. It serves as a source of emotional support and helps the child manage their emotions independently. The other choices are incorrect because they focus on the parent's feelings (A), behavior modification (D), or simply keeping the child quiet (B), rather than addressing the emotional needs of the child.
Question 2 of 5
The physician suggests that surgery be performed for patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) to prevent which of the following complications?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Pulmonary vascular congestion. In a patient with a patent ductus arteriosus (PDA), the persistent opening between the aorta and pulmonary artery can lead to increased blood flow to the lungs, resulting in pulmonary vascular congestion. Surgical closure of the PDA can prevent this complication by restoring normal blood flow patterns. A: Hypoxemia is not directly related to PDA but can occur as a consequence of the increased pulmonary blood flow. B: Right-to-left shunt of blood is not a common complication of PDA. C: Decreased workload on the left side of the heart is not a primary reason for surgical closure of PDA.
Question 3 of 5
Which of the following would the nurse perform to help alleviate a child’s joint pain associated with rheumatic fever?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because using a bed cradle helps alleviate joint pain by avoiding pressure from bed linens. This reduces stress on the joints, promoting comfort and preventing further inflammation. Maintaining joints in an extended position (A) may worsen pain. Applying traction (B) can potentially aggravate the joints. Supporting alignment with pillows (C) may not directly address joint pain relief. Thus, D is the most suitable choice for alleviating joint pain in rheumatic fever.
Question 4 of 5
Which of the following pairs is mismatched?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Step-by-step rationale: 1. Lymphocytes are part of the adaptive immune response, not innate. 2. Natural killer cells are part of the innate immune response and kill virus-infected cells. 3. Macrophages perform phagocytosis and kill microorganisms, matching their function. 4. Erythrocytes are red blood cells responsible for oxygen transport, matching their function. Therefore, A is the mismatched pair as lymphocytes belong to the adaptive immune response, not innate.
Question 5 of 5
Which of the following is the predominant route by which pathogens are brought from a site of infection into a lymph node?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: afferent lymphatics. Afferent lymphatics are the vessels that carry lymph fluid from the site of infection to the lymph node, allowing pathogens to be transported to the lymph node for immune response. Efferent lymphatics (choice A) carry lymph away from the lymph node, arteries (choice B) carry oxygenated blood, and veins (choice C) carry deoxygenated blood, none of which are the primary route for pathogens to reach the lymph node.