What is the primary purpose of a sitz bath for a patient?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: A sitz bath involves soaking the genital and perianal area in warm water to cleanse it, reduce inflammation, and relieve discomfort from conditions like hemorrhoids or post-surgical swelling. It promotes hygiene and healing in a sensitive region. Improving digestion isn't its function oral intake or positioning aids that. Promoting sleep might be a side effect of relaxation, but it's not the intent. Limb exercises are unrelated; it's a localized treatment. Nurses use this to support patient comfort and recovery, ensuring proper hygiene where regular bathing might be insufficient or painful.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Beginning collection before the patient starts urinating ensures a midstream sample, capturing cleaner urine less contaminated by initial urethral bacteria, vital for accurate analysis. An unlabeled sterile container risks mix-ups, compromising results. Timing matters for specific tests (e.g., first morning urine), not 'any time.' Cleansing after collection is backward pre-cleaning prevents contamination. Nurses use this technique, often with a sterile cup, to provide reliable diagnostic data, avoiding false positives from skin flora, a critical detail in assessing kidney or infection status.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Elevating the arm with a new cast reduces swelling by aiding venous return, easing pressure inside the cast for comfort and preventing complications like compartment syndrome. Using the arm normally risks damage or delayed healing. Pressing the cast can worsen pain or shift fractures. Keeping it moist invites skin breakdown or infection casts must stay dry. Nurses use pillows for elevation, monitor circulation, and educate on care, balancing comfort with healing safety in early cast stages.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Explaining the process and providing privacy during a bed bath promotes comfort by reducing anxiety and preserving dignity, key for a vulnerable patient. Cold water chills, not invigorates, causing discomfort in a controlled setting. Extremely hot water risks burns, especially with impaired sensation. Limiting soap doesn't save resources meaningfully and compromises cleanliness. Nurses use warm water, curtains, and clear communication to make this intimate task soothing and respectful, enhancing physical and emotional well-being.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Using a non-slip mat or surface prevents slipping on a wet floor, enhancing safety for a walker-assisted patient by providing traction underfoot. Walking quickly increases momentum, risking falls. Leaning backward unbalances, pulling against the walker's support. Removing the walker strips stability, heightening danger. Nurses ensure dry, grippy paths or add mats, guiding slowly, to secure ambulation, a practical fix for environmental hazards in mobility care.