What is the primary driver of ocean currents on a global scale?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Wind stress on the ocean surface is the primary driver of global ocean currents, transferring momentum from atmospheric winds (e.g., trade winds, westerlies) to surface waters, initiating gyres and flows like the Gulf Stream (~100 Sv). Density differences (temperature, salinity) drive thermohaline circulation (e.g., AMOC, ~20 Sv), significant but secondary to wind-driven surface currents (~80% of kinetic energy, per oceanography, e.g., Stewart). Tides from Moon/Sun cause local flows, not global patterns false. Earth's magnetic field affects charged particles, not currents false. Wind's dominance, via Ekman transport and Coriolis, shapes major current systems, making it the key global driver.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Recurrent laryngeal nerve injury paralyzes all intrinsic muscles except cricothyroid, but posterior cricoarytenoid (C) abducts cords its loss leaves cords adducted, closing rima. C is correct.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Transitional epithelium lines the ureter (A), bladder, and urethra, stretching as urine fills these structures. Its stratified cells shift from cuboidal to flat, adapting to tension. The intestine (B) has simple columnar epithelium for absorption, not stretching. The epidermis (C) is stratified squamous, protective, not transitional. Alveoli (D) use simple squamous for gas exchange, not stretch. A is correct transitional epithelium's unique adaptability suits the ureter's urinary role, unlike the others' distinct functions.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Endoderm forms liver (A), pancreas (B), and thyroid (C), via foregut and midgut outgrowths. Dermis (D) derives from mesoderm, forming skin's connective layer, not endoderm. D is the exception its mesodermal origin distinguishes it from endodermal derivatives.