What is the primary benefit of administering Vitamin A to children?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: To boost the immune system. Vitamin A is essential for maintaining a healthy immune system by supporting the production and function of white blood cells. This helps the body fight off infections and illnesses. Administering Vitamin A to children can help prevent deficiencies and strengthen their immune response. Explanation of why the other choices are incorrect: A: Vitamin D is more closely associated with improving bone health, not Vitamin A. C: Cognitive development is primarily influenced by nutrients like iron and omega-3 fatty acids, rather than Vitamin A. D: Anemia is usually prevented by iron supplementation, not Vitamin A.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct action is to delay the immunization until the fever subsides. This is because administering a vaccine during a fever may affect the body's immune response and efficacy of the vaccine. Giving a lower dose (choice C) may not provide adequate protection. Administering an antipyretic (choice D) may temporarily reduce fever but does not address the underlying illness causing the fever. Administering the vaccine as scheduled (choice A) can be harmful and is not recommended when the child has a fever.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Secondary prevention aims to detect and treat a disease in its early stages to prevent complications. Screening for hypertension (Choice C) is an example as it involves identifying individuals at risk of developing high blood pressure-related issues. Vaccination (Choice A) is a form of primary prevention. Health education (Choice B) is more focused on promoting healthy behaviors. Rehabilitation therapy (Choice D) is part of tertiary prevention, aimed at improving function after a disease has occurred.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: To gather data on health status and needs. The primary purpose of conducting a health survey in a community is to systematically collect information on the health of the population, identify health issues, assess needs, and guide healthcare planning. This data helps in developing effective public health interventions and policies. Choice A (To provide medical treatment to individuals) is incorrect because health surveys focus on population-level data collection, not individual treatment. Choice C (To distribute health education materials) is incorrect as the primary purpose of a health survey is data collection, not distribution of materials. Choice D (To perform laboratory tests) is incorrect because health surveys typically involve collecting information through questionnaires and interviews, rather than conducting laboratory tests.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Achieving a level of health that enables all people to lead economically productive lives. This is the main focus of WHO's Health For All strategy as it aims to ensure that individuals have good health to actively participate in society and the economy. Choice A is incorrect as the strategy doesn't necessarily focus on providing free healthcare to all individuals, but rather on improving overall health outcomes. Choice C is incorrect as simply building more hospitals and clinics does not address the holistic approach of the Health For All strategy. Choice D is incorrect as increasing the number of healthcare workers is important, but the main focus is on achieving better health outcomes for economic productivity.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The primary goal of the Integrated Management of Childhood Illness (IMCI) strategy is to reduce child mortality and morbidity. This strategy focuses on providing holistic care to children, including early detection and treatment of common childhood illnesses. By improving healthcare access and quality, IMCI aims to decrease the number of children dying from preventable diseases. Explanation: A: Reducing the incidence of childhood diseases is important but not the primary goal of IMCI. The strategy is more focused on reducing mortality and morbidity. B: Improving nutritional status is essential for child health but is not the primary goal of IMCI. D: Promoting exclusive breastfeeding is a key component of child health but is not the primary goal of IMCI.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Administering oral rehydration solution. This is the appropriate method for treating dehydration in infants because it helps replace lost fluids and electrolytes effectively. Oral rehydration solution contains the right balance of water, salts, and sugars needed to rehydrate the infant. It is safe and easy for infants to consume. Providing fruit juice (B) is not recommended as it may contain too much sugar and not enough electrolytes. Increasing milk intake (C) can worsen dehydration due to difficulty digesting milk during dehydration. Administering antibiotics (D) is not necessary for dehydration treatment as it does not address the primary issue of fluid and electrolyte loss.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The recommended duration of exclusive breastfeeding is 6 months. This is because breast milk provides all the necessary nutrients for an infant's growth and development in the first 6 months of life. Introducing solid foods too early can increase the risk of infections and allergies. Choice A (3 months) is not ideal as it may not provide sufficient nutrients for the baby's growth. Choices C (9 months) and D (12 months) exceed the recommended duration and may not be necessary for exclusive breastfeeding, as other foods can be introduced after 6 months.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Exclusive breastfeeding provides complete nutrition for the first 6 months of a baby's life as breast milk contains all necessary nutrients. This is crucial for infant growth and development. It is recommended by health organizations worldwide. Other choices are incorrect: A is not directly related to breastfeeding, B is false as breastfeeding actually helps reduce allergies, and D is not a primary benefit of exclusive breastfeeding.