ATI LPN
Hematologic System Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
What is the most important nursing consideration when preparing to teach parents of a child with sickle cell disease?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because educating parents and the child on how to minimize sickle cell crises is crucial in managing the disease effectively. By teaching them about triggers, symptoms, and preventive measures, they can proactively address potential crises and improve the child's quality of life. Referring for genetic counseling (B) is important but not the most immediate consideration. Observing for transfusion complications (C) is necessary but not the primary focus of teaching. Helping the family adjust (D) is important but not as urgent as minimizing crises.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is evaluating the activity tolerance of a 9-month-old with iron deficiency anemia. Which finding indicates that the infant is not tolerating activity?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Muscle weakness. In infants with iron deficiency anemia, muscle weakness is a common sign of decreased activity tolerance. Iron deficiency leads to reduced oxygen delivery to muscles, causing weakness and fatigue during activity. A heart rate of 138 may be within normal range for a 9-month-old. Increased alertness suggests the infant is responsive and engaged, not necessarily an indicator of activity tolerance. A respiratory rate less than 40 with activity is also not necessarily abnormal and may indicate good respiratory function. Therefore, the presence of muscle weakness is the most specific and concerning sign of poor activity tolerance in this context.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is evaluating care provided to a client with disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). Which observation indicates care has been successful for this client?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because in DIC, excessive clotting can lead to bleeding. Therefore, the absence of bleeding indicates successful care. Option A is not specific to DIC management. Option B indicates poor oxygenation, not related to DIC. Option C is insufficient urine output, not a direct indicator of DIC management.
Question 4 of 5
A preschool child is seen in the clinic, and the nurse anticipates a diagnosis of leukemia. Which reaction does the nurse anticipate this child will exhibit upon diagnosis?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because preschool-aged children typically lack the cognitive capacity to fully understand complex medical conditions like leukemia and its severity. They may not grasp the concept of illness or the implications of a cancer diagnosis. Preschoolers are unlikely to exhibit acceptance (Choice A) as they may struggle to comprehend the situation. They are also not likely to blame themselves for causing the illness (Choice B) as this requires a more advanced understanding of cause and effect. While some children may have a basic understanding of cancer and its treatment (Choice C), they are unlikely to fully comprehend the disease's complexities. Overall, the most likely reaction for a preschooler diagnosed with leukemia is unawareness due to their developmental stage.
Question 5 of 5
A 4y/o child with leukemia is admitted to the healthcare facility because of pneumonia. Which of the following is the MOST likely cause of his current condition?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Leukopenia. Leukopenia refers to a decrease in white blood cells, which are essential for fighting infections. In leukemia, the bone marrow produces abnormal white blood cells, leading to a decrease in healthy white blood cells. This compromises the child's immune system, making them more susceptible to infections like pneumonia. A: Anemia is a decrease in red blood cells and would not directly cause pneumonia. C: Thrombocytopenia is a decrease in platelets and is not directly related to pneumonia. D: Eosinophilia is an increase in eosinophils and is not typically associated with pneumonia in this context.