ATI LPN
Cardiovascular Multiple Choice Questions and Answers Questions
Question 1 of 5
What is the most important measure to prevent contrast-induced AKI in a patient with CKD?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Holding metformin is critical in preventing contrast-induced AKI in CKD patients, as it reduces the risk of lactic acidosis if renal function declines.
Question 2 of 5
Which dysrhythmia is thought to be associated with reentrant mechanisms?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Reentry is a complex process in which a cardiac impulse continues to depolarize in a part of the heart after the main impulse has finished its path and the majority of the fibers have repolarized. Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome is caused by accessory pathways that originate in the atria, bypass the AV node, and enter a site in the ventricular myocardium. This causes the ventricles to contract prematurely, resulting in a reentrant tachycardia. Second-degree block is a conduction failure between the sinus impulse and its ventricular response. Sinus bradycardia is a slowed impulse generation by the sinus node. A junctional escape rhythm originates in the AV node.
Question 3 of 5
A patient is being discharged home after hospitalization of left ventricular systolic dysfunction. As the nurse providing discharge teaching to the patient, which statement is NOT a correct statement about this condition?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Left ventricular systolic dysfunction primarily causes pulmonary congestion leading to symptoms like dyspnea and cough. Hepatic vein congestion and peripheral edema are characteristic of right-sided heart failure, not directly left-sided systolic dysfunction.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse obtains the following information from a patient newly diagnosed with elevated blood pressure. Which finding is most important to address with the patient?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The recommendations for preventing hypertension include exercising aerobically for 30 minutes most days of the week. A weight that is 5 pounds over the ideal body weight is not a risk factor for hypertension. The Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet is high in fiber but increasing fiber alone will not prevent hypertension from developing. The patient's alcohol intake is within guidelines and will not increase the hypertension risk.
Question 5 of 5
In a normal heart, the sinoatrial node
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The sinoatrial node, the heart's pacemaker, has autorhythmic cells that initiate action potentials, triggering heartbeats.