ATI LPN
Hematologic System Assessment Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
What is the most common form of childhood cancer?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Leukemia. Leukemia is the most common form of childhood cancer, accounting for around 30% of all childhood cancers. It affects the blood and bone marrow, leading to abnormal production of white blood cells. Lymphoma (A) and brain tumors (B) are also common childhood cancers but not as prevalent as leukemia. Osteosarcoma (D) is a type of bone cancer that is rare in children compared to leukemia. Thus, based on the prevalence and incidence rates, leukemia is the most common form of childhood cancer.
Question 2 of 5
A child, in renal failure, has hyperkalemia. The nurse plans to instruct that the child should avoid the following foods:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because carrots and green, leafy vegetables are high in potassium, which can exacerbate hyperkalemia in a child with renal failure. Carrots and green, leafy vegetables should be avoided to help manage potassium levels. Summary of other choices: B: Chips, cold cuts, and canned foods are high in sodium and phosphorus, not potassium. C: Spaghetti and meat sauce, breadsticks are moderate in potassium and can be included in the diet in moderation. D: Hamburger on a bun, cherry gelatin are lower in potassium compared to carrots and green, leafy vegetables.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is providing instruction to the parents of an infant with a colostomy. Which statement by the parents’ indicates appropriate understanding of the teaching session?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: "We will watch for skin irritation around the stoma." This statement indicates appropriate understanding because monitoring for skin irritation is essential in colostomy care to prevent complications. Skin irritation can occur due to leakage, improper fitting of the colostomy bag, or irritation from stool or urine. By closely observing the skin around the stoma, parents can detect early signs of irritation and take necessary actions to prevent skin breakdown. Incorrect Choices: A: Changing the colostomy bag with each wet diaper is unnecessary and may lead to increased skin irritation. B: Using adhesive enhancers without proper guidance can cause skin damage and is not a routine practice in colostomy care. D: Expecting a moderate amount of bleeding after cleansing the stoma area is incorrect as bleeding should be minimal. Monitoring for bleeding is important but expecting a moderate amount is not appropriate.
Question 4 of 5
During a 4-month-old’s well-child check, the nurse discusses introduction of solid foods into the infant’s diet and concerns for foods commonly associated with food allergies. Due to allergies, which foods will the nurse instruction the parents to avoid until after 1 year of age?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A (Strawberries, eggs, and wheat) because these foods are common allergens that should be avoided until after 1 year of age to reduce the risk of food allergies. Strawberries are highly allergenic, eggs contain proteins that may trigger allergies, and wheat contains gluten which can cause sensitivities. Peas, tomatoes, and spinach (choice B) are generally safe to introduce to infants. Carrots, beets, and spinach (choice C) are also safe options. Squash, pork, and tomatoes (choice D) are not commonly associated with food allergies in infants.
Question 5 of 5
Which is the priority concern in developing a teaching plan for the parents of a 15-month-old child?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D, instructions on a home safety assessment. This is the priority concern because at 15 months, children are curious and mobile, making them prone to accidents. Conducting a home safety assessment helps identify potential hazards and allows parents to make necessary changes to create a safe environment for the child. Toilet training (A) and weaning from bottles (B) are important developmental milestones but are not as critical as ensuring the child's safety. Preschool readiness (C) is also important but can be addressed later, whereas immediate attention to home safety is crucial to prevent accidents.