What is the kidney tubule's response to a rise in

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Question 1 of 5

What is the kidney tubule's response to a rise in blood pH?

A. Bicarbonate ions are created from carbonic acid and absorbed into the blood. B. Hydronium ions are secreted into the filtrate, where they are buffered by bicarbonate ions in the filtrate. C. Bicarbonate ions are secreted into the filtrate, while hydronium ions are absorbed from the filtrate into the blood. D. Hydronium ions are secreted into the filtrate, while bicarbonate ions are absorbed from the filtrate into the blood.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Excess bicarbonate is secreted to correct alkaline blood pH.

Question 2 of 5

To what does the 'juxtaglomerular apparatus' refer?

A. to those nephrons whose loop of Henle penetrate deep into the medulla B. to the lamina densa and podocytes that form filtration slits around the capillaries of the glomerulus C. to the capillaries that surround the loop of Henle of juxtamedullary nephrons D. to certain cells of the distal convoluted tubule where it touches the afferent arteriole.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Juxtaglomerular apparatus includes macula densa and granular cells.

Question 3 of 5

What does the term 'oliguria' refer to?

A. a daily urine production of much more than 2 litres B. a daily urine production of less than $500 \mathrm{ml}$ C. production of less than $50 \mathrm{ml}$ of urine in a day D. the condition of excessive concentration of urea in the blood

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Oliguria is low urine output, 50-500 ml/day.

Question 4 of 5

In the kidney, the filtrate passes through several structures on its way to becoming urine. Which of the following lists presents these structures in the correct order?

A. collecting duct, glomerulus, proximal convoluted tubule, distal convoluted tubule, loop of Henle. B. proximal convoluted tubule, collecting duct, glomerulus, loop of Henle, distal convoluted tubule. C. glomerulus, proximal convoluted tubule, loop of Henle, distal convoluted tubule, collecting duct. D. glomerulus, collecting duct, proximal convoluted tubule, distal convoluted tubule, loop of Henle.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Filtrate flows from glomerulus through tubule to collecting duct.

Question 5 of 5

Ureters originated from?

A. Kidneys B. Renal cortex C. Renal pelvis D. Renal medulla

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Ureters begin at the renal pelvis, draining urine.

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What is the kidney tubule's response to a rise in blood pH?

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