ATI LPN
Cardiovascular MCQ Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
What is the function of the foramen ovale during fetal life?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The foramen ovale allows oxygenated blood from the placenta to bypass the non-functional fetal lungs by flowing directly from the right atrium to the left atrium.
Question 2 of 5
Smooth muscle in blood vessels is located in the:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The tunica media contains smooth muscle, enabling vessel constriction and dilation.
Question 3 of 5
If damaged, which valve could allow blood to leak back into the left ventricle?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: If the aortic semilunar valve is damaged, blood may leak back into the left ventricle.
Question 4 of 5
The greatest resistance to blood flow occurs in the:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Arterioles provide the greatest resistance to blood flow due to their small diameter and muscular walls.
Question 5 of 5
While assessing a 68-yr-old with ascites, the nurse also notes jugular venous distention (JVD) with the head of the patient's bed elevated 45 degrees. The nurse knows this finding indicates
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The jugular veins empty into the superior vena cava and then into the right atrium, so JVD with the patient sitting at a 45-degree angle reflects increased right atrial pressure. JVD is an indicator of excessive fluid volume (increased preload), not decreased fluid volume. JVD is not caused by incompetent jugular vein valves or atherosclerosis.