ATI LPN
Multiple Choice Questions on Urinary System Questions
Question 1 of 5
What is the function of Prostaglandin D/I/E in regulation of GFR?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Prostaglandins D, I, and E (PGD, PGI, PGE) cause renal vasodilation, increasing renal blood flow (RBF) and glomerular filtration rate (GFR). They dilate afferent arterioles, enhancing glomerular hydrostatic pressure, which drives filtration. This opposes the vasoconstrictive effect of Prostaglandin F. They do not directly alter oncotic or capsular pressures, making B the accurate description of their regulatory role.
Question 2 of 5
Which of the following is true regarding the proximal tubule?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In the proximal tubule, reabsorption is isosmotic, meaning water and solutes (e.g., Naâº, Clâ») are reabsorbed in proportion, maintaining filtrate osmolarity similar to plasma (300 mOsm/L). The epithelium is leaky and permeable (A is false), Na⺠moves transcellularly and paracellularly (C is false), and Cl⺠concentrates in the lumen (D is false), making B true.
Question 3 of 5
Phosphate buffer system does not have much effect as intracellular fluid buffer. However, it's a major extracellular buffer and important in renal tubular fluid?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The phosphate buffer system (HPO₄²â»/Hâ‚‚POâ‚„â») is a major intracellular buffer due to high phosphate in cells, not less effective (statement's first part is false). It's also significant extracellularly in renal tubular fluid, titrating H⺠for excretion, but not ‘major' compared to bicarbonate in plasma. The mixed accuracy makes B (False) correct.
Question 4 of 5
To prepare a patient on the unit for a bronchoscopic procedure, the medical-surgical nurse administers an IV sedative. The nurse then instructs the licensed practical nurse to:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: After IV sedation for a bronchoscopy, monitoring vital signs like blood pressure and heart rate (C) is critical to assess sedation effects and ensure stability, a key LPN task. Education (A) is the RN's role pre-sedation, water (B) risks aspiration (NPO status), and bathroom (D) is impractical post-sedation, making C the appropriate instruction.
Question 5 of 5
Why is regular monitoring of urea levels essential for assessing kidney function?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Urea, a waste product from protein breakdown, is filtered and excreted by the kidneys. Regular monitoring (e.g., blood urea nitrogen, BUN) evaluates kidney health (D), as impaired function raises levels (e.g., renal failure). Liver disorders (A) affect urea production, metabolic health (B) is vague, and deficiencies (C) aren't a concern, making D correct.