ATI LPN
HESI LPN Fundamentals Test Questions
Question 1 of 5
What is the best explanation for the way evidence-based practice (EBP) has changed the way nursing care is delivered?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Evidence-based practice (EBP) has transformed nursing by making it a means of ensuring quality care, integrating current research, clinical expertise, and patient values into a systematic approach. Unlike simply incorporating studies, EBP evaluates and applies them to improve outcomes like reducing infection rates through proven protocols ensuring consistency and safety. Specialty knowledge enhances care but isn't EBP's core shift. Pre-EBP, nursing relied on tradition or economics, but now it prioritizes quality via evidence, not cost alone. This evolution empowers nurses to deliver precise, effective interventions, like using ginger for nausea based on reviews, elevating care beyond habit. EBP's focus on quality over mere incorporation or economics marks a paradigm shift, aligning nursing with scientific rigor and patient-centered excellence across diverse settings.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client who tells the nurse, 'I used to exercise daily, but since my diagnosis of COPD, I don't do much of anything.' Which nursing response promotes the client's health?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: For a COPD client who's stopped exercising, promoting health means adapting to limits while encouraging activity 'Let's find activities you can enjoy' offers tailored options like gentle walking or chair exercises, boosting lung function and mood without overtaxing breathing. This tertiary prevention approach enhances life quality post-diagnosis, a nursing strength, as studies show light activity cuts COPD decline. Returning to old routines risks exhaustion, ignoring lung capacity loss. Dismissing exercise negates its benefits movement aids oxygen use. Pushing through fatigue could worsen symptoms, not help. The nurse's reply fosters hope and agency, key to managing chronic illness, aligning with nursing's goal to optimize function and well-being within new realities.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse provides teaching to the parents of an adolescent client with generalized anxiety disorder. Which statements by the nurse are included in the teaching? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) teaching includes D: brain chemistry contributes via neurotransmitter imbalances (e.g., serotonin). A is false; GAD is common. B and C are true but not the single focus. Rationale: Neurochemical factors are a core GAD cause, per DSM-5, guiding treatment like SSRIs, making D essential for parental understanding.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is assisting in caring for a postoperative client who had a pneumonectomy. The nurse monitors the client for which adverse signs and symptoms indicating acute pulmonary edema?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Post-pneumonectomy, frothy sputum (A) signals acute pulmonary edema, a fluid overload complication. Pain (B) is surgical. Chest tube drainage (C) isn't present post-pneumonectomy. Rate of 20 (D) is normal. A is correct. Rationale: Frothy sputum reflects alveolar fluid, requiring urgent intervention, per post-surgical monitoring standards.
Question 5 of 5
After an automobile collision, a client who sustained multiple injuries is oriented to person and place but is confused to time. The client complains of a headache and drowsiness, but assessment reveals that the pupils are equal and reactive. Which nursing action takes priority?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Post-collision with confusion, headache, and drowsiness, monitoring for increased ICP (D) is the priority to detect deterioration. Minimal movement (A) is secondary. Mannitol (B) requires orders. Stimulation (C) may not help. D is correct. Rationale: ICP monitoring identifies progression like hematoma, guiding urgent intervention, per trauma care priorities.