ATI LPN
Hematologic System Assessment Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
What is a rationale that reflects the importance of the nurse asking a patient about their immunization history?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because asking about the patient's immunization history helps assess their immunity against diseases and determine the need for further immunizations, ensuring they are protected from preventable illnesses. This is crucial for providing appropriate care and preventive measures. Choice B is incorrect as assessing dietary habits and nutrient deficiencies is not directly related to immunization history. Choice C is incorrect as genetic predispositions to autoimmune diseases are not typically identified through immunization history. Choice D is incorrect as compliance for preventive care can be determined through other means and is not the primary purpose of asking about immunization history.
Question 2 of 5
Which usually rare cancer is associated with HIV?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Kaposi's sarcoma. This rare cancer is associated with HIV due to its link with weakened immune systems. HIV compromises the immune system, making individuals more susceptible to developing Kaposi's sarcoma. Astrocytoma, mesothelioma, and penile cancer are not commonly associated with HIV. Kaposi's sarcoma is characterized by skin lesions and can also affect internal organs, making it a distinctive cancer seen in HIV-positive individuals.
Question 3 of 5
A child is diagnosed with sickle cell disease. The parents are unsure of how their child contracted the disease. What is the most appropriate explanation by the nurse?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Rationale: 1. Sickle cell disease is an autosomal recessive genetic disorder. 2. Both parents must be carriers (have the trait) to pass on the disease. 3. If both parents have the trait, each child has a 25% chance of inheriting the disease. 4. Therefore, choice D is correct as it explains the genetic basis of sickle cell disease transmission. Summary of Incorrect Choices: A. Incorrect - Both parents need to be carriers for the child to inherit the disease. B. Incorrect - Both parents need to be carriers for the child to inherit the disease. C. Incorrect - If the mother has the disease, the child would have a 50% chance of inheriting it, not 25%.
Question 4 of 5
A child with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) who is receiving chemotherapy has the following lab results: WBC 9,000, Hemoglobin 12, and Platelets 20,000. When planning this child’s care, which risk should the nurse consider most significant?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Correct Answer: C - Hemorrhage Rationale: 1. Platelets are critically low at 20,000, putting the child at high risk for bleeding. 2. Hemorrhage is a major concern due to impaired clotting ability. 3. Anemia (low hemoglobin) can contribute to bleeding but is not the primary concern. 4. Infection risk is elevated but not as immediate as the risk of hemorrhage with such low platelets.
Question 5 of 5
You are the nurse in charge on a pediatric unit. A child with sickle cell disease, in splenic sequestration crisis, is being admitted. You should assign this child to a
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Correct Answer: D - Private room Rationale: 1. In splenic sequestration crisis, there is a risk of sudden severe anemia and hypovolemic shock. 2. Isolation is not necessary as it's not a contagious condition. 3. A private room allows close monitoring, privacy, and individualized care. 4. A semiprivate room (A) may lead to exposure to infections. 5. Reverse-isolation (B) is for immunocompromised patients. 6. Contact-isolation (C) is for contagious diseases, not applicable here.