ATI LPN
Questions About the Cardiovascular System Questions
Question 1 of 5
What is a priority nursing assessment when administering an ACE inhibitor to a patient with heart failure?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: ACE inhibitors can cause hyperkalemia, so the nurse should monitor for signs like muscle weakness, which could indicate elevated potassium levels.
Question 2 of 5
A 34 y/o female presents with blood pressure = 180/101 on Lisinopril, Amlodipine and HCTZ. BMI = 23. Electrolytes, bun and creatinine are normal. No family history of hypertension. She reports diaphoresis. Carvedilol is added with a spike in blood pressure and tachycardia. Which of the following is most likely to be elevated as the etiology of the underlying diagnosis?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The severe hypertension resistant to multiple medications, diaphoresis, and paradoxical worsening with a beta-blocker (Carvedilol) suggest pheochromocytoma, a catecholamine-secreting tumor. Elevated urine metanephrines (catecholamine metabolites) are diagnostic. Aldosterone (Conn's syndrome) or cortisol (Cushing's) would present differently.
Question 3 of 5
45 yo female with history of moderate aortic regurgitation (documented by echo) and HTN was seen recently in the office. She is clinically stable and her BP is controlled. She has no other significant medical history. 1 week later her dentist's office calls you and requests recommendations regarding antibiotic prophylaxis prior to having a dental procedure performed. You recommend:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Per AHA guidelines, antibiotic prophylaxis is not required for moderate aortic regurgitation without prosthetic valves or prior endocarditis.
Question 4 of 5
Mutations of the ATP7B gene is characteristic of which of the following?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: ATP7B gene mutations cause Wilson disease, leading to copper accumulation; the document error (e) is corrected to (d).
Question 5 of 5
In the patient with cancer, which of the following are correct regarding fever?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: All options are correct: fever in cancer patients can stem from infections (common due to immunosuppression), unusual pathogens (due to treatment effects), endogenous organisms (e.g., gut flora translocation), or the tumor itself (paraneoplastic fever). Thus, 'All of the above' is correct, shifted to D.