ATI LPN
Immune System Practice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
What is a consideration for patients taking probenecid?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Step-by-step rationale: 1. Probenecid is a medication used to treat gout by increasing the excretion of uric acid. 2. Common side effects include nausea and rash, which are important to monitor in patients. 3. Nausea can affect adherence to treatment, while rash may indicate an allergic reaction. 4. Retinal damage (B), bone marrow suppression (C), and hepatotoxicity (D) are not associated with probenecid use. 5. Therefore, monitoring for nausea and rash (A) is crucial for patient safety and treatment effectiveness.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse caring for clients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) plans care understanding the most common causes of death for these clients is which of the following? (Select one that does not apply.)
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Vasculitis. In systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), vasculitis can lead to inflammation and damage to blood vessels, affecting various organs and tissues. This can result in serious complications and even death. In contrast, while infections, cardiovascular impairment, and chronic kidney disease are common in SLE patients, they are not the most common causes of death. Infections can be managed with appropriate treatment, cardiovascular impairment can be controlled with medications and lifestyle changes, and chronic kidney disease can be managed through dialysis or kidney transplant. Vasculitis, on the other hand, can be more unpredictable and severe in SLE patients, making it the most common cause of death among this population.
Question 3 of 5
Folate deficiency is likely to develop in one of the following groups of people:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Alcoholic persons. Alcohol interferes with folate absorption and metabolism, leading to folate deficiency. Alcoholic persons often have poor dietary intake and impaired absorption of nutrients, including folate. Folate deficiency can result in megaloblastic anemia and other health issues. A: Strict vegetarians generally have a higher risk of vitamin B12 deficiency rather than folate deficiency. C: Patients who have undergone stomach surgery may have reduced absorption of nutrients, but the question specifically focuses on folate deficiency, which is more associated with alcohol consumption. D: Persons who take a low fiber diet may have inadequate nutrient intake, but this choice does not directly relate to folate deficiency caused by alcohol consumption.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse provides home care instructions to a client with systemic lupus erythematosus and tells the client about methods to manage fatigue. Which statement by the client indicates a need for further instruction?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Correct Answer: A Rationale: A: Taking hot baths can worsen fatigue in clients with lupus due to the potential of increasing body temperature and causing exhaustion. B: Sitting to conserve energy is a valid strategy to manage fatigue by minimizing physical exertion. C: Avoiding long periods of rest helps prevent joint stiffness and maintains mobility. D: Doing light exercises like walking can improve overall energy levels and physical condition. Summary: Choice A is incorrect as hot baths can exacerbate fatigue. Choices B, C, and D provide appropriate strategies for managing fatigue in clients with lupus.
Question 5 of 5
The client with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome is diagnosed with cutaneous Kaposi's sarcoma. Based on this diagnosis, the nurse understands that this has been confirmed by which finding?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Positive punch biopsy of the cutaneous lesions. A definitive diagnosis of Kaposi's sarcoma is confirmed by the presence of spindle cells and red blood cell extravasation in cutaneous lesions, which can be identified through a punch biopsy. This procedure allows for a histological examination to accurately diagnose Kaposi's sarcoma. Incorrect choices: A: Swelling in the genital area - Kaposi's sarcoma does not typically present with swelling in the genital area. B: Swelling in the lower extremities - Swelling in the lower extremities is not a specific indicator of Kaposi's sarcoma. D: Appearance of reddish-blue lesions noted on the skin - While reddish-blue lesions are characteristic of Kaposi's sarcoma, a punch biopsy is required to confirm the diagnosis definitively.