What is a consideration for patients taking methotrexate?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because methotrexate can cause bone marrow suppression, leading to decreased production of blood cells and increased risk of infections. Monitoring for signs of infection is crucial to detect and manage any complications promptly. Choice B is incorrect as methotrexate is usually taken on an empty stomach. Choice C advising to avoid taking with water is irrelevant. Choice D is incorrect as methotrexate is typically administered on an empty stomach to enhance absorption.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because abruptly stopping prednisone can lead to adrenal insufficiency due to suppression of the body's natural cortisol production. This can result in potentially life-threatening symptoms. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because while they are important considerations when taking prednisone, they are not as critical as ensuring the client understands the importance of tapering off the medication gradually to prevent adrenal insufficiency.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Iron deficiency anemia. Hookworm infection can lead to iron deficiency anemia by causing blood loss in the gastrointestinal tract. Hookworms feed on blood in the intestines, leading to chronic blood loss and subsequent iron deficiency. This type of anemia is characterized by low iron levels in the body, resulting in decreased production of hemoglobin and red blood cells. Hemolytic anemia (choice A) is caused by premature destruction of red blood cells, not blood loss. Megaloblastic anemia (choice C) is typically due to vitamin B12 or folate deficiency, not related to hookworm infestation. Aplastic anemia (choice D) is a condition where the bone marrow does not produce enough blood cells, not directly caused by hookworm infection.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because myelodysplastic syndromes result from ineffective proliferation of cells of myeloid origin. This leads to abnormal development and functioning of blood cells. Choice A is incorrect as the disorders actually involve ineffective rather than increased proliferation. Choice B is incorrect as polycythemia vera is a separate disorder characterized by an overproduction of red blood cells. Choice D is incorrect as myelodysplastic syndromes specifically involve myeloid cells, not lymphoid cells.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Quickly assess the client's respiratory status. An anaphylactic reaction can lead to severe respiratory distress, such as bronchospasm or swelling of the airways, which can be life-threatening. Assessing the client's respiratory status allows for prompt identification of any breathing difficulties and immediate intervention if needed. Leaving the client to contact a PHCP (A) may waste critical time. Administering oxygen (B) may be necessary but assessing the respiratory status should come first. Keeping the client supine regardless of blood pressure readings (D) is not appropriate as positioning should be based on the client's condition.