ATI LPN
100 Questions on the Cardiovascular System Questions
Question 1 of 5
What instruction would the nurse give when teaching a patient about stage 1 hypertension?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The patient should decrease intake of sodium. This will help to control hypertension, which can be aggravated by excessive salt intake.
Question 2 of 5
What lab result is most likely if a patient on spironolactone develops muscle weakness and palpitations?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Hyperkalemia is a known adverse effect of potassium-sparing diuretics like spironolactone.
Question 3 of 5
What nursing interventions are essential for a client with ventricular tachycardia prescribed lidocaine IV?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Lidocaine can cause CNS toxicity, and it is incompatible with many IV drugs, so compatibility must be ensured.
Question 4 of 5
The blood leaves the heart to the body through the:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The aorta carries oxygenated blood from the left ventricle to the rest of the body.
Question 5 of 5
32 y/o male presents with burning sensation in chest following most large meals for 2-3 months. He denies dysphagia, weight change, or bleeding. Which of the following studies has the highest sensitivity for the initial diagnosis of GERD with typical symptoms?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: For typical GERD symptoms (heartburn after meals), an empiric trial of a PPI like omeprazole is highly sensitive and specific as a diagnostic test, with symptom resolution confirming the diagnosis. Invasive tests like pH monitoring or EGD are reserved for atypical or refractory cases.