What dietary advice should the nurse provide to help reduce the occurrence of hot flashes in a post-menopausal client?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Limit caffeine and alcohol consumption. Hot flashes can be triggered by stimulants like caffeine and alcohol. Limiting intake can help reduce their occurrence. Increasing spicy foods (A) can actually worsen hot flashes. High-protein diets (C) and consuming more dairy products (D) do not have a direct impact on hot flashes.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because nitroglycerin tablets should be stored in a dark, glass container to protect them from light and moisture, which could decrease their effectiveness. Storing them in any other container could lead to degradation of the medication. Choice A is incorrect because nitroglycerin should be taken sublingually, not with food. Choice C is incorrect because nitroglycerin should be placed under the tongue to be absorbed quickly, not swallowed whole. Choice D is incorrect because experiencing a headache is a common side effect of nitroglycerin and does not indicate that the medication should be discontinued.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Administer pain medication as prescribed. This is the highest priority because acute pancreatitis is a painful condition, and managing pain is crucial for the client's comfort and well-being. Pain control also helps reduce stress on the pancreas and can aid in preventing complications. Choice B is incorrect because while monitoring serum amylase and lipase levels is important in diagnosing pancreatitis and assessing response to treatment, it is not the highest priority intervention. Choice C is incorrect as encouraging oral intake of clear liquids may exacerbate pancreatitis symptoms and lead to further complications. Choice D is incorrect as assessing bowel sounds, while important for monitoring gastrointestinal function, is not the highest priority in the acute management of pancreatitis.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Intracranial pressure (ICP) of 20 mm Hg. Elevated ICP can lead to increased intracranial pressure, which can further damage brain tissue and impair cerebral perfusion. This is a critical finding that requires immediate intervention to prevent further brain damage. A: Urine output of 100 mL/hour is within the normal range and does not pose an immediate threat to the client's condition. C: Respiratory rate of 12 breaths/minute is within normal limits and does not indicate an immediate concern. D: Mean arterial pressure (MAP) of 70 mm Hg is within the normal range for most adults and does not require immediate intervention in this scenario.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Hyperpigmentation and hypotension. Addison's disease is characterized by adrenal insufficiency, leading to low cortisol and aldosterone levels. Hyperpigmentation occurs due to elevated levels of ACTH, causing melanin deposition. Hypotension results from aldosterone deficiency, leading to sodium and water loss. Choice A is incorrect because Addison's disease does not typically present with hypertension or hyperglycemia. Choice C is incorrect as exophthalmos and tachycardia are not typically associated with Addison's disease. Choice D is incorrect as weight gain and fluid retention are not common manifestations of Addison's disease.