ATI LPN
Questions on the Urinary System Questions
Question 1 of 5
What action should the nurse take first when a patient's urine dipstick test indicates a small amount of protein?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Normally the urinalysis will show zero to trace amounts of protein, but some medications may give false-positive readings. The other actions by the nurse may be appropriate but checking for medications that may affect the dipstick accuracy should be first.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is caring for a patient who has a renal biopsy. For which complication would the nurse monitor the patient during the 24 hours after the procedure?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Bleeding (A) is the primary post-biopsy risk, indicated by bloody urine or vital sign changes, requiring immediate monitoring. Infection (B), obstruction (C), and polyuria (D) are less urgent, making A the key complication.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is caring for a patient who has acute kidney injury. Which diagnostic test result would most support this diagnosis?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A normal 24-hour creatinine clearance of 100 mL/min is the most accurate test for renal function.
Question 4 of 5
A geriatric nurse is performing an assessment of body systems on an 85-year-old patient. The nurse should be aware of what age-related change affecting the renal or urinary system?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Aging decreases GFR (D) due to reduced glomerular surface area, a key renal change. Urine concentration (A) and bladder capacity (B) decrease, and incontinence (C) isn't normal but common, making D the primary age-related change.
Question 5 of 5
A patient has experienced excessive losses of bicarbonate and has subsequently developed an acid-base imbalance. How will this lost bicarbonate be replaced?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Renal tubular cells generate and reabsorb new bicarbonate (D) to replace losses, correcting acidosis. Acid excretion (A) compensates but doesn't replace, and adrenals (B) or lungs (C) don't synthesize it, making D the mechanism.